Abstract: A process for the removal of slag and other residual solid material from a coal gasification process as a suspension in water free from noxious gases normally associated therewith wherein water is drawn off from the quench section of a coal gasifier with the slag into lock hopper and is displaced by introducing cold fresh water into the lower portion of the lock hopper displacing the sour water from an exit in the upper portion of the lock hopper back into the quench section of the coal gasification system. In an alternate embodiment, noxious gases are stripped from the quench water in the lock hopper with a stripping gas. Solid waste and clean or decontaminated water are discharged from the system without pollution of the environment.

Abstract: Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is produced by the noncatalytic partial oxidation of a slurry of ash-containing solid carbonaceous fuel in a liquid carrier with a free-oxygen containing gas in the free-flow reaction zone of a refractory lined gas generator at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 2350.degree. F. to 2900.degree. F. so that about 75 to 95 weight percent of the carbon in the fuel feed to the reaction zone is converted into carbon oxides. The hot effluent gas stream from the reaction zone containing entrained particulate carbon, unconverted solid carbonaceous fuel, and molten slag is passed through a free-flow radiant cooler where it is contacted by and provides the heat to vaporize an aqueous solution of catalyst consisting of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal compound in water. In the presence of the catalyst, H.sub.

Abstract: Activated agglomerated carbon may be prepared by leaching with a hydrohalic acid followed by displacement of the residual halide with organic carboxylate during subsequent washing with a water-soluble organic carboxylic acid or a water-soluble ammonium salt of an organic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the production of petroleum sulfonates from lubricating oil extract fractions wherein a primary extract-solvent mixture, preferably substantially free from water, is cooled to a temperature at least 25.degree. C. below the extraction temperature to form two immiscible liquid phases comprising a secondary extract phase which is richer in aromatic hydrocarbons than the primary extract and a secondary raffinate phase which is poorer in aromatics than the primary extract. The secondary raffinate is sulfonated and the unsulfonated fraction returned to the separations process.The process results in improved yields of petroleum sulfonates with lowered SO.sub.3 consumption and less by-product sludge than conventional processes in which the entire extract fraction is sulfonated.

Abstract: Charge hydrocarbon stream containing diisopropyl toluene isomers is catalytically treated to recover product stream containing increased proportions of 1-methyl-3,5-diisopropyl benzene.

Abstract: Charge hydrocarbon stream containing diisopropyl toluene isomers is catalytically treated to recover product stream containing increased proportions of 1-methyl-3,5-diisopropyl benzene.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of synthesizing single cell protein from residual oils and/or coal by a mutually advantageous combination of a synthesis gas generation process or a coal gasification process in the production of methanol and ammonia, and their use by the protein producing bacteria.

Abstract: An improved method for the generation of power in a combustion gas turbine utilizing fuel gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide in which said fuel gas is subjected to a water gas shift reaction whereby said fuel gas is enriched in both hydrogen and carbon dioxide prior to combustion in said combustion gas turbine. Undesirable nickel compounds contained in said fuel gas are removed and undesirable carbonyl sulfide decomposed by said water gas shift reaction.

Abstract: A method of and a catalyst for the conversion of petroleum distillate fractions to high heating value fuel gases suitable for use as town gas or pipeline gas by reacting a petroleum derived feedstock containing paraffins with hydrogen in the presence of a lanthanum-cobalt/Y zeolite catalyst at elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: An amorphous powder useful as a precursor for the preparation of crystalline aluminosilicates is prepared by forming a sodium aluminum silicate water mixture whose composition falls within specified ranges for forming sodium zeolite A. By dehydrating the mixture with a water miscible solvent prior to aging and crystal formation, an amorphous powder is recovered for future use. Upon subsequent treatment the amorphous powder can be converted to crystalline aluminosilicates including type 3A, 4A, 5A, X and Y.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion is effected by hydrocracking a charge stock at mild cracking conditions followed by alkyl transfer typically transalkylation or disproportionation or isomerization under conditions conducive to extended catalyst life.

Abstract: Nitrated hydrocarbons, such as nitroparaffins, are reduced to amines by use of palladium on a carbon catalyst characterized by low ash and low halide.

Abstract: A process for converting mixtures of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 n-paraffin and n-paraffin by-products to substantially pure n-paraffin which comprises catalytically hydrogenating the mixture at a temperature of from about 600.degree. to 750.degree. F. in the presence of a Group VIII metal on alumina catalyst where the catalyst contains from about 0.05 to 2.0 weight percent of an alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide or thallous oxide. The catalyst can additionally contain a Group VIB or VIIB metal.

Abstract: A process for converting mixtures of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 n-paraffin and n-paraffin by-products to substantially pure n-paraffin which comprises catalytically hydrogenating the mixture at a temperature of from about 600.degree. to 750.degree. F. in the presence of a Group VIII metal on alumina catalyst where the catalyst contains from about 0.05 to 2.0 weight percent of an alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide or thallous oxide. The catalyst can additionally contain a Group VIB or VIIB metal.

Abstract: This invention relates to the catalytic carbonylation of .alpha.,.alpha.'-dihaloxylenes to phenylenediacetate diesters by the catalytic insertion of carbon monoxide into the carbon-halogen bonds of said .alpha.,.alpha.'-dihaloxylenes in the presence of alkanols. The catalysts used in this novel process are two component homogeneous ligand-stabilized palladium(II) and nickel(II) halide complexes wherein said stabilizing ligands each contain at least one Group VB or VIB donor atom such as phosphorus, which is bonded to one or more aromatic and/or aliphatic radicals.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for catalytically cracking hydrocarbon feedstocks containing a contaminant deleterious to the process and catalyst and to a method for removing the contaminant from a crystalline aluminosilicate cracking catalyst used in the process, where the contaminant is vanadium, or vanadium and nickel, and optionally iron.

Abstract: A process for producing secondary alcohols from n-paraffins wherein a portion of the n-paraffin is converted to a borate ester along with oxygenated by-products and the borate ester is separated and hydrolyzed to a secondary alcohol. The mixtures of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 n-paraffin and n-paraffin by-products are converted to substantially pure n-paraffin by catalytically hydrogenating the mixture at a temperature of from about 600.degree. to 750.degree. F. in the presence of a Group VIII metal on alumina catalyst where the catalyst contains from about 0.05 to 2.0 weight percent of an alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide or thallous oxide. The catalyst can additionally contain a Group VIB or VIIB metal.

Abstract: A process for converting mixtures of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 n-paraffin and n-paraffin by-products to substantially pure n-paraffin which comprises catalytically hydrogenating the mixture at a temperature of from about 600.degree. to 750.degree. F. in the presence of a Group VIII metal on alumina catalyst where the catalyst contains from about 0.05 to 2.0 weight percent of an alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide or thallous oxide. The catalyst can additionally contain a Group VIB or VIIB metal. The n-paraffin is photochemically reacted with a gaseous nitrosating agent to form paraffin oximes and by-products and the by-products are recycled for catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for catalytically cracking hydrocarbon feedstocks containing a contaminant deleterious to the process and catalyst and to a method for removing the contaminant from a crystalline aluminosilicate cracking catalyst used in the process, where the contaminant is vanadium, or vanadium and nickel, and optionally iron.

Abstract: A process for converting mixtures of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 n-paraffin and n-paraffin by-products to substantially pure n-paraffin which comprises catalytically hydrogenating the mixture at a temperature of from about 600.degree. to 750.degree.F. in the presence of a Group VIII metal on alumina catalyst, and from about 10 to 5,000 parts per million of nitrogen present as ammonia or an organonitrogen compound. The catalyst can additionally contain a Group VIB or VIIB metal.