Abstract: An apparatus preventing hearing loss having a body made of soft compliant material having first and second ends and a channel extending therethrough, an acoustically limp material adjacent one end of the body with the acoustically limp material having a hole therein aligned with the channel extending through the body, component film, or other structure covering or sealing the opening in the acoustically limp material. The film may be a high-strength polymer less than 10 micrometers thick. A plurality of channels may extend through the body and a plurality of corresponding holes may be provided in the acoustically limp material. The film covers or seals the holes in the acoustically limp material. The film may behave like a flap to close in response to high energy sound waves. The flap shuts from the high intensity shock wave. The body may have shape to fit in an ear canal.

Abstract: A miniaturized, integrated, microfluidic device pulls materials bound to magnetic particles from one laminar flow path to another by applying a local magnetic field gradient. The device removes microbial and mammalian cells from flowing biological fluids without any wash steps. A microfabricated high-gradient magnetic field concentrator (HGMC) is integrated at one side of a microfluidic channel. When magnetic particles are introduced into one flow path, they remain limited to that flow path. When the HGMC is magnetized, the magnetic beads are pulled from the initial flow path into the collection stream, thereby cleansing the fluid. The microdevice allows large numbers of beads and materials to be sorted simultaneously, has no capacity limit, does not lose separation efficiency as particles are removed, and is useful for cell separations from blood and other biological fluids. This on-chip separator allows cell separations to be performed in the field outside of hospitals and laboratories.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing hearing loss having a body made of a soft compliant material having first and second ends and a channel extending therethrough, an acoustically limp material adjacent one of the ends of the body with the acoustically limp material having a hole therein aligned with the channel extending through the body, and a component film, disc or other structure covering or sealing the opening in the acoustically limp material. The film or disc may be formed of a high-strength polymer material and may be less than 10 micrometers in thickness. Rather than having a single channel extending through the body, a plurality of channels may extend therethrough and a plurality of corresponding holes may be provided in the acoustically limp material. The film, disc or other structure covers or seals the plurality of holes in the acoustically limp material.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing hearing loss having a body made of a soft compliant material having first and second ends and a channel extending therethrough, an acoustically limp material adjacent one of the ends of the body with the acoustically limp material having a hole therein aligned with the channel extending through the body, and a component film, disc or other structure covering or sealing the opening in the acoustically limp material. The film or disc may be formed of a high-strength polymer material and may be less than 10 micrometers in thickness. Rather than having a single channel extending through the body, a plurality of channels may extend therethrough and a plurality of corresponding holes may be provided in the acoustically limp material. The film, disc or other structure covers or seals the plurality of holes in the acoustically limp material.

Abstract: A miniaturized, integrated, microfluidic device pulls materials bound to magnetic particles from one laminar flow path to another by applying a local magnetic field gradient. The device removes microbial and mammalian cells from flowing biological fluids without any wash steps. A microfabricated high-gradient magnetic field concentrator (HGMC) is integrated at one side of a microfluidic channel. When magnetic particles are introduced into one flow path, they remain limited to that flow path. When the HGMC is magnetized, the magnetic beads are pulled from the initial flow path into the collection stream, thereby cleansing the fluid. The microdevice allows large numbers of beads and materials to be sorted simultaneously, has no capacity limit, does not lose separation efficiency as particles are removed, and is useful for cell separations from blood and other biological fluids. This on-chip separator allows cell separations to be performed in the field outside of hospitals and laboratories.

Abstract: A micro-electromagnet matrix captures and controls the movement of particles with nanoscale resolution. The micro-electromagnet matrix includes multiple layers of microconductors, each layer of microconductors being orthogonal to an adjacent layer or microconductors. The layers of microconductors are formed on a substrate and have insulating layers therebetween. The field patterns produced by the micro-electromagnet matrix enable precise manipulation of particles. The micro-electro-magnet matrix produces single or multiple independent field peaks in the magnetic field that are used to trap, move, or rotate the particles. The micro-electromagnet matrix also produces electromagnetic fields to probe and detect particles.

Abstract: A novel GaAs/AlGaAs piezoelectric FET strain sensing transducer is disclosed. An embodiment of the strain sensing transducer includes a single piezoelectric crystal structure forming a cantilever arm and having an FET at the fixed cantilever base. Circuitry connected to measure changes in the conductivity of the FET Channel provides an output signal indicative of the measured strain produced by small forces which alter the conductance of the FET due to piezoelectric effects.