Abstract: A method and an arrangement, for detecting microorganisms on a surface are disclosed. At least a portion of the surface is covered with a sensor foil in an airtight manner. An oxygen-permeable layer of the sensor foil is doped with an oxygen indicator dye, loaded with oxygen and faces the at least one portion of the surface. An excitation light passes through an oxygen-impermeable at least partially transparent read-out carrier layer of the foil to the dye in the oxygen-permeable layer which is then excited by the excitation light. An emission of the oxygen indicator dye) transmitted through the carrier layer is detected by a detection element over or after a period of time (t). The emission of the oxygen indicator dye from the oxygen-permeable layer is indicative of the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms from the oxygen-permeable layer covering the at least one portion of the surface.

Abstract: Provided are teleoperation systems and methods for using inertial measurement units for teleoperation of robots.

Abstract: A cost-effective method for repairing reflective optical elements for EUV lithography. These optical elements (60) have a substrate (61) and a coating (62) that reflects at a working wavelength in the range between 5 nm and 20 nm and is damaged as a result of formation of hydrogen bubbles. The method includes: localizing a damaged area (63, 64, 65, 66) in the coating (62) and covering the damaged area (63, 64, 65, 66) with one or more materials having low hydrogen permeability by applying a cover element to the damaged area. The cover element is formed of a surface structure, a convex or concave surface, or a coating corresponding to the coating of the reflective optical element, or a combination thereof. The method is particularly suitable for collector mirrors (70) for EUV lithography. After the repair, the optical elements have cover elements (71, 72, 73).

Abstract: In order to prevent delamination of a reflective coating from the substrate under the influence of reactive hydrogen, a reflective optical element (50) for EUV lithography is provided, which has a substrate (51) and a reflective coating (54) for reflecting radiation in the wavelength range of 5 nm to 20 nm. A functional layer (60) is arranged between the reflective coating (54) and the substrate (51). With the functional layer, the concentration of hydrogen in atom % at the side of the substrate facing the reflective coating is reduced by at least a factor of 2.

Abstract: A cost-effective method for repairing reflective optical elements for EUV lithography. These optical elements (60) have a substrate (61) and a coating (62) that reflects at a working wavelength in the range between 5 nm and 20 nm and is damaged as a result of formation of hydrogen bubbles. The method includes: localizing a damaged area (63, 64, 65, 66) in the coating (62) and covering the damaged area (63, 64, 65, 66) with one or more materials having low hydrogen permeability by applying a cover element to the damaged area. The cover element is formed of a surface structure, a convex or concave surface, or a coating corresponding to the coating of the reflective optical element, or a combination thereof. The method is particularly suitable for collector mirrors (70) for EUV lithography. After the repair, the optical elements have cover elements (71, 72, 73).

Abstract: A method and an arrangement, for detecting microorganisms on a surface are disclosed. At least a portion of the surface is covered with a sensor foil in an airtight manner. An oxygen-permeable layer of the sensor foil is doped with an oxygen indicator dye, loaded with oxygen and faces the at least one portion of the surface. An excitation light passes through an oxygen-impermeable at least partially transparent read-out carrier layer of the foil to the dye in the oxygen-permeable layer which is then excited by the excitation light. An emission of the oxygen indicator dye) transmitted through the carrier layer is detected by a detection element over or after a period of time (t). The emission of the oxygen indicator dye from the oxygen-permeable layer is indicative of the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms from the oxygen-permeable layer covering the at least one portion of the surface.

Abstract: In order to prevent delamination of a reflective coating from the substrate under the influence of reactive hydrogen, a reflective optical element (50) for EUV lithography is provided, which has a substrate (51) and a reflective coating (54) for reflecting radiation in the wavelength range of 5 nm to 20 nm. A functional layer (60) is arranged between the reflective coating (54) and the substrate (51). With the functional layer, the concentration of hydrogen in atom % at the side of the substrate facing the reflective coating is reduced by at least a factor of 2.

Abstract: An expansion anchor is provided having a stud and at least one expansion sleeve that surrounds the stud, whereby, on the stud, there is an expansion cone that radially widens the expansion sleeve when the expansion cone is pulled into the expansion sleeve. It is provided that the expansion sleeve has a hardness of more than 350 HV in the area of its front end facing the expansion cone, whereby the hardness of the expansion sleeve decreases towards its rear end. A production method for such an expansion anchor is also provided.

Abstract: An expansion anchor including a bolt and an expansion sleeve surrounding the bolt is provided, the bolt having: an expansion cone in the region of the front end of the bolt, which expansion cone radially enlarges the expansion sleeve when moved into same; a threaded section for introducing tensile forces into the bolt; a shoulder that limits a movement of the expansion sleeve away from the expansion cone; and at least one anti-rotation protrusion for inhibiting a rotation of the expansion sleeve in relation to the bolt, the protrusion originating at the shoulder and protruding radially outwards on the bolt. The axial length of the anti-rotation protrusion is smaller than the pitch of the threaded section arranged on the bolt.

Abstract: An expansion anchor including a bolt and an expansion sleeve surrounding the bolt is provided, the bolt having: an expansion cone in the region of the front end of the bolt, which expansion cone radially enlarges the expansion sleeve when moved into same; a threaded section for introducing tensile forces into the bolt; a shoulder that limits a movement of the expansion sleeve away from the expansion cone; and at least one anti-rotation protrusion for inhibiting a rotation of the expansion sleeve in relation to the bolt, the protrusion originating at the shoulder and protruding radially outwards on the bolt. The axial length of the anti-rotation protrusion is smaller than the pitch of the threaded section arranged on the bolt.

Abstract: An expansion anchor is provided having a stud and at least one expansion sleeve that surrounds the stud, whereby, on the stud, there is an expansion cone that radially widens the expansion sleeve when the expansion cone is pulled into the expansion sleeve. It is provided that the expansion sleeve has a hardness of more than 350 HV in the area of its front end facing the expansion cone, whereby the hardness of the expansion sleeve decreases towards its rear end. A production method for such an expansion anchor is also provided.

Abstract: A torsion bar for limiting torque, including a shank with a first end section and a second end section situated opposite from it in the lengthwise direction, also including a first coupler to non-rotatably join the shank to the driven spindle of an impact driver, whereby the first coupler is located on the first end section of the shank, and including a second coupler to non-rotatably join the shank to a threaded element, especially the nut of an expansion anchor, whereby the second coupler is arranged on the second end section of the shank, whereby the shank has at least one tapered torsion section in which the shank has a smaller cross section than in at least one of the end sections, characterized in that the shank has a plastic encapsulation, at least in the tapered torsion section.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an apparatus, comprising a first wireless transceiver, a first directional antenna coupled to the first wireless transceiver, a second wireless transceiver, a second directional antenna coupled to the second wireless transceiver, and control logic coupled to the first wireless transceiver and the second wireless transceiver. The first wireless transceiver and second wireless transceiver can concurrently receive wireless signals that are spatially separated. The first wireless transceiver asserts a signal while communicating with another wireless device. The control logic is configured to prevent the second wireless transceiver from transmitting while the first wireless transceiver is asserting the signal.

Abstract: A method for providing a superior quality of service for multicast data streams delivered over a wireless local area network. As Internet Protocol multicast data streams are received by an access point, the access point observes Internet Group Multicast Protocol registration messages to determine which of its associated stations subscribe to each multicast data stream. The access point then determines which of the multicast data streams it receives have only active subscribing stations as opposed to those data streams having at least one associated station operating in power-save mode. The access point will automatically transmit each multicast data stream having only active subscribers immediately to the associated active stations, while buffering the multicast data stream for which there is at least one associated station operating in power-save mode.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving throughput in point-to-point wireless communication links are provided. In one particular implementation, a media access control (MAC) layer of the IEEE 802.11 standard is enhanced for use in point-to-point links to take advantage of the limited number of nodes participating in the link. In one embodiment, a master/slave type protocol provides contention free operation between two wireless nodes. Multiple priority levels and voice traffic may be accommodated with guaranteed Quality of Service.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and tooling suitable for handling closure blanks (5) having an external radius (6) at their cut edge at production speeds of about (1200) closures per minute. The external radius (6) limits formation of “angel hair” (a common problem in metal closure production). However, reversing the external radius causes a problem, when producing metal closures having a conventional inward curl at their peripheral edge. Accordingly, the invention proposes a modified curling rail (40) having a first portion (41) to uncurl the external curl (6) on the closure blank (5) and a second portion (45) to urge the straightened side wall of the closure blank (5) towards an inward curl.

Abstract: A Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) implementation wherein an access point's existing (E)DCF transmit queues are augmented by at least one strict priority HCF transmit queue. The HCF queues are only used to schedule downlink data and CF-Poll transmissions are used for admitted downlink flows and for uplink flows. The 802.1D user priority value is used to select the HCF queue for an admitted flow. The strict priority HCF transmit queues are always serviced first, in priority order before any other (E)DCF transmit queue. The channel is considered busy to (E)DCF transmit queues while the strict priority queues are being serviced. An admissions control mechanism is used to control data flows and prevents the strict priority traffic from starving (E)DCF traffic. A single, simple AP scheduler is used for scheduling both polling times and station wakeup time.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an apparatus, comprising a first wireless transceiver, a first directional antenna coupled to the first wireless transceiver, a second wireless transceiver, a second directional antenna coupled to the second wireless transceiver, and control logic coupled to the first wireless transceiver and the second wireless transceiver. The first wireless transceiver and second wireless transceiver can concurrently receive wireless signals that are spatially separated. The first wireless transceiver asserts a signal while communicating with another wireless device. The control logic is configured to prevent the second wireless transceiver from transmitting while the first wireless transceiver is asserting the signal.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an apparatus, comprising a first wireless transceiver, a first directional antenna coupled to the first wireless transceiver, a second wireless transceiver, a second directional antenna coupled to the second wireless transceiver, and control logic coupled to the first wireless transceiver and the second wireless transceiver. The first wireless transceiver and second wireless transceiver can concurrently receive wireless signals that are spatially separated. The first wireless transceiver asserts a signal while communicating with another wireless device. The control logic is configured to prevent the second wireless transceiver from transmitting while the first wireless transceiver is asserting the signal.

Abstract: A system and method for identifying and grouping multiple virtual local area networks into a single multicast domain is provided. The system and method may be configured to designate a virtual local area network within as a multicast virtual local area network to streamline the delivery of multicast messages via a network. A station may be configured with multiple group keys so that it can receive messages from multiple broadcast or multicast domains.