Abstract: A method for manufacturing a biocompatible fluid including a powder of magnetic particles of elongated shape having a magnetic shape anisotropy and having a final granulometry, the final granulometry being defined by a first average size of the particles in a first direction and a second average size in a second direction different from the first direction, the final granulometry further being defined by a first distribution width of the first sizes and a second distribution width of the second sizes, the method including from a powder of magnetic particles having an initial granulometry different from the final granulometry, modification of the initial granulometry by milling and/or by sintering of the powder until the final granulometry is obtained; introduction of the powder of magnetic particles into a biocompatible fluid.

Abstract: A method for treating an aqueous effluent comprising at least one dissolved gaseous compound, by partially separating said compound from said effluent, in order to obtain a treated aqueous phase. In the method, an upflow liquid column of the aqueous effluent is established by injecting and distributing into said column, at the bottom, a gas phase less rich in said compound than the aqueous effluent, for example air or oxygen, said gas phase being distributed in the column in the form of bubbles where the volume increases upward. A mixed liquid/gas stream is obtained at the top. The mixed liquid/gas stream is then separated into a liquid stream constituting the treated aqueous phase, and an offgas stream enriched with said gaseous compound, where the mixed liquid/gas stream is later separated under vacuum by establishing a gas headspace between the liquid stream and the gas stream, and by aspirating the latter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating an aqueous effluent comprising at least one dissolved gaseous compound, for example carbon dioxide, consisting in at least partially separating said compound from said effluent, in order to obtain a treated aqueous phase, depleted of said compound, a method according to which: (a) an upflow liquid column of the aqueous effluent is established, by injecting and distributing into said column, at the bottom, a gas phase less rich in said compound than the aqueous effluent, for example air or oxygen, said gas phase being distributed in said column in the form of bubbles whereof the volume increases upward, whereby a mixed liquid/gas stream is obtained at the top, (b) the mixed liquid/gas stream is separated into a liquid stream constituting the treated aqueous phase, and an offgas stream enriched with said gaseous compound, characterized in that the mixed liquid/gas stream is separated under vacuum by establishing a gas headspace between the liquid stream

Abstract: A circuit breaker comprises a plurality of pole compartments juxtaposed inside an insulating case, in each of which compartments there are arranged an arc extinguishing chamber and at least one pair of separable contact parts comprising at least one movable contact part, at least two of said pole compartments being contiguous and separated from one another by a partition. The separating partition of the twinned poles comprises a communicating aperture of dimensions and location such that it is able to appreciably influence the distribution of the arcing energy between the two compartments when the latter are connected in parallel. A circuit breaker with a high breaking capacity is thus obtained from a standard multipole circuit breaker of lower breaking capacity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plug-in circuit breaker and has the object of preventing no-load discharges of the closing mechanism when extraction of the circuit breaker is performed. The drive mechanism of the circuit breaker loading and closing mechanism comprises a trip mechanism which is able to move from a closed state wherein actuation of an oscillating lever is designed to move the closing spring to its loaded state, to a tripped state wherein actuation of the oscillating lever is designed to prevent movement of the closing spring to its loaded state. This trip mechanism causes either disengagement of the oscillating lever or neutralization of a free-wheel coupling of the drive mechanism. The circuit breaker is moreover equipped with opening and closing controls causing an opening, closing, opening cycle when extraction is performed.

Abstract: A support and electrical power supply device comprises a mounting plate supporting an electrical switchgear apparatus and housing branch conductors extending perpendicularly to a busbar. The branch conductors present identical lengths. The connection strips are arranged close to the opposite terminal parts of the branch conductors and comprise orifices arranged symmetrically with respect to the horizontal midplane of the mounting plate to enable fitting of the connection parts with the lineside terminals or the loadside terminals of the switchgear apparatus. Two connection possibilities of the switchgear apparatus are possible at the time of installation to achieve a lineside or a loadside power supply. The same mounting plate can also be used for supply of a single switchgear apparatus or of two switchgear apparatuses with opposite feeders.

Abstract: A multipole switch comprises a plurality of single-pole switch modules arranged side by side in compartments of the insulating case. Each switch module comprises an individual switching bar supporting the movable contact, said bar being formed by a vertical-axis rotary insulating stud having an end-piece for guiding in rotation at one of its ends, and driving means at the other end. A pair of actuating rods is mechanically coupled to the driving means of all the switching bars, and cooperates with connecting rods of the operating mechanism to perform movement of the actuating rods in translation in opposite directions when moving from the open position to the closed position, and vice-versa, said elongate actuating rods extending parallel to one another in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the different rotary studs.

Abstract: A connection clip electrically connects one of the contact terminal strips of a circuit breaker to a terminal strip for connection to a busbar. At least one opposed pair of independent contact fingers in the form of a bridge is made of conducting material and each opposed pair of contact fingers has two end contacts. The two independent contact fingers press via their end contacts respectively on the two opposite faces of either a terminal strip or busbar, and are urged elastically towards one another by the action of springs compression fitted between a connection frame and a bearing surface of the independent pairs of contact fingers. The independent pairs of contact fingers are covered by a coating containing carbon which provides lubrication to facilitate draw-in of the clip, while reducing the risks of welding at the level of the contact points.

Abstract: The operating mechanism of the four-pole circuit breaker comprises an auxiliary mechanism coupled to the main mechanism. The spring of the auxiliary mechanism exerts a torque on the bar, opposing the force of the contact springs when the circuit breaker completes its closing travel and when it is closed; the spring ceases to act on the bar when the circuit breaker has begun its opening travel and when it is open.

Abstract: A modular low voltage multipole circuit breaker, including a plurality of identical single-pole breaking units each including a parallelipipedic insulating box having two opposite parallel large side faces and two opposite parallel small side faces, two terminals located at respective opposite parallel small side faces, a stationary contact electrically connected to one of the terminals, a movable contact cooperable between a first position contacting the stationary contact and a second position separated from the stationary contact and a molded case for housing the single-pole breaking units. The molded case has two opposite parallel side walls having the same thickness, the single-pole breaking units being sequentially arranged and parallel to each other and parallel to the side walls such that adjacent single-pole breaking units are spaced apart a distance equal to twice the thickness of the side walls, the single-pole breaking units being spaced apart at a constant pitch.

Abstract: An electrical breaking device including a movable contact assembly. The movable contact assembly includes a support cage and upper and lower contact fingers pivotally mounted thereto on respective upper and lower transverse spindles. The upper and lower contact fingers are parallel to each other and each include a head having a movable contact at a first end thereof, and a second end opposite the first end which is connected to a flexible conductor. The lower and upper contact fingers are cooperable with a stationary contact assembly. The lower transverse spindle is positioned to be closer to the first end of the lower contact finger than to its second end. In contrast, the upper transverse spindle is positioned to be closer to the second end of the upper contact finger than to its first end. The longitudinal spacing between the upper end contact spindles yield an attraction force which counter-balances repulsion forces acting on the movable contacts through which a current flows.

Abstract: A low voltage multipole circuit breaker having a double housing, each pole including a single-pole breaking unit having a parallelepipedic plastic box having two extended side faces. Contacts are further provided and are associated with an extinguishing chamber housed within the single-pole breaking unit. Several units are mounted side by side in the parallelepipedic box to form a multipole circuit breaker.

Abstract: To improve the electrical withstand of a low voltage circuit breaker for high currents having multiple contacts of the same length and a stationary arc guiding horn having an intermediate edge extending over a short distance in the direction of movement of the front extensions of the contact fingers, a stationary arcing contact is arranged between the edge of the arc guiding horn and the stationary main contact. The stationary main contact is designed to cooperate with a movable arcing contact of at least one contact finger. At the beginning of the opening travel, closing of the arcing contacts takes place before the main contacts separate. The stationary arcing contact is located in the immediate vicinity of the edge.

Abstract: A circuit breaker comprises a static switch electrically connected in series with a disconnecting switch having an operating mechanism with a handle to close and open a system of main contacts. A voltage sensor ocmprises an electromagnet with a moving core capable of occupying an active locking position and an inactive unlocking position of the mechanism, respectively in the on state and in the off state of the switch. Opening of the disconnecting switch is inhibited if voltage is present on the output terminals.

Abstract: A limiting circuit breaker with a molded case comprises an overpressure actuator which, when an overpressure occurs in the arc extinguishing chamber due to the action of an arc drawn by the electrodynamic repulsion of the contacts, brings about actuation by a piston, subjected to this overpressure, of the circuit breaker trip bar. The overpressure actuator forms an almost leaktight assembly.

Abstract: A limiting circuit breaker comprises an electrodynamic repulsion contact system, and an electromagnetic latch arranged in the vicinity of the contact system, and electrically insulated from the latter. Actuation of the latch to the active position results from the action of the electromagnetic field due to a short-circuit current flowing in the pole, so as to temporarily keep the movable contact open after repulsion. The latch is equipped with a pair of ferromagnetic brackets, and with a spring blade to return to an inactive position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a disconnectable connection between a trip unit and circuit breaker. The disconnectable connections between the removable trip unit and the circuit breaker unit include inclined connection lugs so as to provide access to the set-screws of the connections on the narrow side face of the circuit breaker casing.

Abstract: A molded case multi-pole circuit breaker comprises an interchangeable trip unit having a magnetic circuit surrounding a main stationary conductor and provided with a U-shaped core secured to circuit-breaker assembly and a magnetic rod fastener to the trip unit. The rod is inserted between the legs of the core, and a single turn secondary winding surrounds the rod. A bimetal is attached to the winding, and the thermal tripping characteristics are independent of the relative position of the magnetic core and rod.

Abstract: A circuit breaker having a magnetic device energized by the current flowing through the circuit breaker to drive a contact arm to an open position at high speed to provide current limiting upon occurrence of a predetermined overcurrent condition. The magnetic device comprises a saturable magnetic shunt path, the iron of which saturates above said predetermined overcurrent condition, to energize the magnetic device and to cause a straightforward opening of the contacts.

Abstract: Current-limiting device having a movable contact vigorously moved in the open circuit position by an electromagnetic repulsion device at the appearance of a short-circuit current. A retarding member is mechanically linked to the movable contact to delay the reclosing of the contact and to prevent a reclosing before tripping of the circuit breaker.