Abstract: Described herein are oxygen scavengers, oxygen scavenging polymeric compositions, and oxygen scavenging articles. The polymeric compositions comprising the oxygen scavengers may have utility in packaging, sealing, wrapping, and storing oxygen-sensitive substances, e.g., to preserve freshness of foods, beverages, and the like.

Abstract: Described herein are oxygen scavengers, oxygen scavenging polymeric compositions, and oxygen scavenging articles. The polymeric compositions comprising the oxygen scavengers may have utility in packaging, sealing, wrapping, and storing oxygen-sensitive substances, e.g., to preserve freshness of foods, beverages, and the like.

Abstract: Described herein are oxygen scavengers, oxygen scavenging polymeric compositions, and oxygen scavenging articles. The polymeric compositions comprising the oxygen scavengers may have utility in packaging, sealing, wrapping, and storing oxygen-sensitive substances, e.g., to preserve freshness of foods, beverages, and the like.

Abstract: Described herein are oxygen scavengers, oxygen scavenging polymeric compositions, and oxygen scavenging articles. The polymeric compositions comprising the oxygen scavengers may have utility in packaging, sealing, wrapping, and storing oxygen-sensitive substances, e.g., to preserve freshness of foods, beverages, and the like.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems directed to cost-aware bandwidth management schemes that are adaptive to monitored network or application performance attributes. In one embodiment, the present invention supports bandwidth management systems that adapt to network conditions, while managing tradeoffs between bandwidth costs and application performance. One implementation of the present invention tracks bandwidth usage over an applicable billing period and applies a statistical model to allow for bursting to address increased network loading conditions that degrade network or application performance. One implementation allows for bursting at selected time periods based on computations minimizing cost relative to an applicable billing model. One implementation of the present invention is also application-aware, monitoring network application performance and increasing bandwidth allocations in response to degradations in the performance of selected applications.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems that dynamically adjust the selection of differentiated network services for selected classes of traffic or network applications in response to changing network conditions or application performance levels.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems that dynamically adjust the selection of differentiated network services for selected classes of traffic in response to changing network conditions or application performance levels. In one implementation, the present invention allows for a differentiated network services scheme that adapts to existing network conditions and, in one implementation, selects higher, generally more expensive classes of differentiated network service for certain data flows when the performance of selected applications degrades below a threshold level. The present invention, in one implementation, allows for bandwidth cost savings without sacrificing application performance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems facilitating the concurrent classification and control of tunneled and non-tunneled data flows in a packet-based computer network environment. As discussed in more detail below, embodiments of the present invention allow for the “intra-tunnel” classification of data flows and, based on the classification, the deterministic and intelligent application of aggregate bandwidth utilization controls on data flows corresponding to a given tunnel. Embodiments of the present invention allow for the allocation of bandwidth on an application-level basis between tunneled and non-tunneled traffic, as well as between applications within a given tunnel. Other embodiments of the present invention can be configured to provide a differentiated security model for non-tunneled and tunneled traffic. In addition, embodiments of the present invention can be further configured to implement a layered security model for tunneled traffic.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems that dynamically adjust the selection of differentiated network services for selected classes of traffic in response to changing network conditions or application performance levels. In one implementation, the present invention allows for a differentiated network services scheme that adapts to existing network conditions and, in one implementation, selects higher, generally more expensive classes of differentiated network service for certain data flows when the performance of selected applications degrades below a threshold level. The present invention, in one implementation, allows for bandwidth cost savings without sacrificing application performance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems that dynamically adjust the selection of differentiated network services for selected classes of traffic in response to changing network conditions or application performance levels. In one implementation, the present invention allows for a differentiated network services scheme that adapts to existing network conditions and, in one implementation, selects higher, generally more expensive classes of differentiated network service for certain data flows when the performance of selected applications degrades below a threshold level. The present invention, in one implementation, allows for bandwidth cost savings without sacrificing application performance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems facilitating the concurrent classification and control of tunneled and non-tunneled data flows in a packet-based computer network environment. As discussed in more detail below, embodiments of the present invention allow for the “intra-tunnel” classification of data flows and, based on the classification, the deterministic and intelligent application of aggregate bandwidth utilization controls on data flows corresponding to a given tunnel. Embodiments of the present invention allow for the allocation of bandwidth on an application-level basis between tunneled and non-tunneled traffic, as well as between applications within a given tunnel. Other embodiments of the present invention can be configured to provide a differentiated security model for non-tunneled and tunneled traffic. In addition, embodiments of the present invention can be further configured to implement a layered security model for tunneled traffic.

Abstract: Novel compositions and methods of using those compositions to form high refractive index coatings are provided. The compositions preferably comprise both a reactive solvent and a high refractive index compound. Preferred reactive solvents include aromatic resins that are functionalized with one or more reactive groups (e.g., epoxides, vinyl ethers, oxetane), while preferred high refractive index compounds include aromatic epoxides, vinyl ethers, oxetanes, phenols, and thiols. An acid or crosslinking catalyst is preferably also included. The inventive compositions are stable under ambient conditions and can be applied to a substrate to form a layer and cured via light and/or heat application. The cured layers have high refractive indices and light transmissions.