Abstract: An array of micro-needles extending from a support substrate and having tip portions shaped and dimensioned to (1) carry a biological substance and (2) pierce the surface of a target tissue and penetrate target cells within the tissue where the biological substance transfers from the tip portions and deposits within the target cells.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system uses dual detectors to provide three-dimensional imaging of underwater objects (or other objects hidden by a partially transmissive medium). One of the detectors is a low resolution, high bandwidth detector. The other is a high resolution, narrow bandwidth detector. An initial laser pulse is transmitted to known x-y coordinates of a target area. The photo signals returned from the target area from this initial pulse are directed to the low resolution, high bandwidth detector, where a preliminary determination as to the location (depth, or z coordinate) of an object in the target area is made based on the time-of-receipt of the return photo signal. A second laser pulse is then transmitted to the target area and the return photo signals from such second laser pulse are directed to the high resolution, narrow bandwidth detector.

Abstract: The interior surface of a pipe is optically inspected by a scanner including an array of photodiodes, a light source, and mirrors for directing light reflected from the interior surface to the photodiode array. The charges developed by the photodiodes are converted to digital data which is subtracted from a reference signal for an unblemished interior surface area. The difference is recorded in a memory and displayed on a monitor for defect analysis.