Abstract: A flow reactor system for providing on-demand H2 evolution at pressure from a liquid organic hydrogen carrier and/or blends thereof includes a reactor that includes a reaction vessel having an inlet and outlet. The inlet is configured to introduce reactants into the reaction vessel, and the outlet is configured to release reaction products. The reaction vessel is configured to hold therein a catalyst system capable of catalyzing the evolution of molecular hydrogen from a liquid organic hydrogen carrier. Advantageously, the reaction vessel is configured to operate at pressures greater than or equal to 50 psig (e.g., from about 50 psig to about 10500 psig. The flow reactor system also includes a source of preheated liquid organic hydrogen carrier in fluid communication with the reactor and a purification system in fluid communication with the outlet that provides purified molecular hydrogen gas for on-demand applications.

Abstract: Gases are stored, separated, and/or concentrated. An electric field is applied across a porous dielectric adsorbent material. A gas component from a gas mixture may be selectively separated inside the energized dielectric. Gas is stored in the energized dielectric for as long as the dielectric is energized. The energized dielectric selectively separates, or concentrates, a gas component of the gas mixture. When the potential is removed, gas from inside the dielectric is released.

Abstract: Gases are stored, separated, and/or concentrated. An electric field is applied across a porous dielectric adsorbent material. A gas component from a gas mixture may be selectively separated inside the energized dielectric. Gas is stored in the energized dielectric for as long as the dielectric is energized. The energized dielectric selectively separates, or concentrates, a gas component of the gas mixture. When the potential is removed, gas from inside the dielectric is released.

Abstract: A method of making hydrocarbons from polyalcohols, such as carbohydrates. The polyalcohols and carbohydrates may be provided from biomass, including paper, cardboard or urban generated paper product waste; wood and wood products, including forest slash and deadfall; agricultural waste; and the like. The polyalcohols and carbohydrates are combined with hydroiodic acid in aqueous solution to form the hydrocarbon and elemental iodine. Hydroiodic acid is then electrochemically regenerated by reducing the elemental iodine in a parallel reaction. A method of electrochemically generating hydroiodic acid from elemental iodine in aqueous solution is also described.

Abstract: Water purification using organic salts. Feed water is mixed with at least one organic salt at a temperature sufficiently low to form organic salt hydrate crystals and brine. The crystals are separated from the brine, rinsed, and melted to form an aqueous solution of organic salt. Some of the water is removed from the aqueous organic salt solution. The purified water is collected, and the remaining more concentrated aqueous organic salt solution is reused.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream having at least a reduction, e.g. 30 to 90%, in the concentration of CO2 relative to the untreated multicomponent gaseous stream. In practicing the subject methods, the multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with an aqueous fluid, e.g. CO2 nucleated water, under conditions of selective CO2 clathrate formation to produce a CO2 clathrate slurry and CO2 depleted gaseous stream. A feature of the subject invention is that a CO2 hydrate promoter is employed, where the CO2 hydrate promoter is included in the multicomponent gaseous stream and/or the aqueous fluid. The CO2 hydrate promoter serves to reduce the minimum CO2 partial pressure required for hydrate formation as compared to a control. The subject methods find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream.

Abstract: A method for producing reinforced ceramic composite articles by means of chemical vapor infiltration and deposition in which an inverted temperature gradient is utilized. Microwave energy is the source of heat for the process.