Abstract: A magnetic holder for paper clips or other small magnetically attractable articles comprises a base magnet with a permanently polarized top face of one magnetic polarity, a non-magnetic guide post extending up from the center of the base magnet, and a floating magnet with a central opening which loosely receives the post and a permanently polarized bottom face of the same magnetic polarity as the top face of the base magnet.

Abstract: Concentric outer and inner pistons are provided in each cylinder of a four cycle, reciprocating, internal combustion engine. A magnet restrains each outer piston against displacement by pressure of the fuel mixture in the cylinder, so that the outer piston does not move while the engine is under low load. However, while the engine is under substantial load the magnetic restraint is overcome and the outer piston is displaced by pressure of the fuel mixture in the cylinder.

Abstract: A compression spring coupling is provided between the engine piston and the crankshaft in a four cycle, reciprocating, internal combustion engine. This spring, when extended to the full extent permitted, is held compressed by a force equal to the piston force required to compress the fuel mixture for proper combustion under no load or very light load. Under no load on the engine the spring acts as a stiff coupling between the engine piston and the crankshaft. At heavier loads the spring is resiliently compressed in proportion to the load. The engine displacement is substantially smaller at no load and light loads than under heavy loads.