Abstract: In various embodiments, a network controller is configured to: identify, for each of a plurality of nodes in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network, location information that identifies a location of a corresponding one of the plurality of nodes in a topology of the MPLS network accessible to the controller; receive, for each of the plurality of nodes in the MPLS network, identifier information that identifies a corresponding identifier in a corresponding identifier space which is specific to the corresponding one of the plurality of nodes and which is based on a metric space having an origin specific to the corresponding one of the plurality of nodes, where at least a portion of the plurality of nodes are in a span of a first portion of the MPLS network such that the corresponding identifier of each of the at least portion of nodes is unique in the span, and the corresponding identifier space of each of the at least portion of nodes is configured to have an identical origin, resulting in a scoped ide

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus is provided comprising: a current node configured to: receive, from a next node, information that is configured for use in identifying an identifier in a node-specific identifier space specific to the next node that identifies a particular node for the next node; and map, based on the information, the identifier that identifies the particular node for the next node, to an identifier in a node-specific identifier space specific to the current node that identifies the particular node for the current node, the identifier that identifies the particular node for the current node having a meaning for the current node defined solely by the node-specific identifier space specific to the current node.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, a non-transitory computer-readable media, and a method are provided, involving: a current node configured to be positioned in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network, the current node including at least one non-transitory memory configured to store instructions, and one or more processors in communication with the at least one non-transitory memory, wherein the one or more processors is configured to execute the instructions to cause the current node to: detect first data to be transmitted to a receiving node; identify a sequence of node scope-specific identifiers that is selected from a plurality of node scope-specific identifiers based on at least one of: the current node, the receiving node, or a policy, where each of the node scope-specific identifiers of the sequence is in one of a plurality of node scope-specific identifier spaces that is specific to a corresponding one of a plurality of nodes in a path from the current node toward the receiving node, and eac

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus is provided, comprising: at least one non-transitory memory configured to store instructions; and one or more processors in communication with the at least one non-transitory memory, wherein the one or more processors is configured to execute the instructions to: receive a packet at a current node in a network path between a source node and a destination node, the network path including a path node between the current node and the destination node that is not the destination node and that is reachable by a plurality of path portions including a first path portion that includes multiple hops, and a second path portion; in response to the receipt of the packet at the current node, identify a header and data of the packet, the header including a segment identifier that identifies the path node that is not the destination node, where the destination node is outside a domain of a multiple protocol-labeling switch (MPLS) network protocol in accordance with which the path node operate

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is provided, comprising causing access to be provided, to a client computer, to code that causes the client computer to operate in accordance with a protocol that is separate from TCP, in order to establish a protocol connection with another server computer, by: receiving a packet, detecting an idle time period parameter field in the packet, identifying metadata in the idle time period parameter field for an idle time period, where, after the idle time period is detected, the second protocol connection is deemed inactive, and creating or modifying, by the client computer and based on the metadata, a timeout attribute associated with the second protocol connection.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, a non-transitory computer-readable media, and a method are provided, involving a technique to: generate a first data structure identifying a mapping of a first path segment identifier to a first network interface that is included in the first node or that is included in a hop including an additional node reachable from the first node, where the first path segment identifier identifies a first path segment that is selected from a plurality of path segments based on at least one of a policy, a metric, or a routing table; receive an incoming data packet with a header including incoming network path information that includes the first path segment identifier as an active identifier in the incoming path information; identify a second path segment identifier as the active identifier rather than the first path identifier in outgoing network path information for a header of an outgoing data packet; and forward the outgoing data packet via the first network interface that is ident

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, non-transitory computer-readable media, and computer-implemented method are provided to: detect, by a current node in a network path along which first data is transmitted from a transmitting node to a receiving node in the network path along which the first data is transmitted in a network, network path information that is based on a first policy and is positioned in a header of a first packet that is specified according to a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network protocol, the network path information in the header of the first packet being for use by the current node in transmitting the first data from the transmitting node to the receiving node in the network path along which the first data is transmitted, where the network path information in the header of the first packet includes: a region scoped node identifier that is in an identifier space having a scope that spans within a particular region of the network, and that globally identifies a particular node in

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are comprising: a screen; an input device; at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions; and one or more processors in communication with the screen, the input device, and the at least one non-transitory memory, wherein the one or more processors execute the instructions to: display, utilizing the screen, a contactor window including: at least one contactor user interface element configured to have presented, in connection therewith, a plurality of contactor identifiers of a contactor communicant represented by a contactor email communications agent, at least one contactee user interface element configured to have presented, in connection therewith, a plurality of contactee identifiers of a plurality of contactee communicants each represented by a corresponding contactee email communications agent, a message user interface element configured to present a message addressed from one of the plurality of contactor identifiers of the contactor selected in connection with the at l

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products are described comprising a device configured to: present a first window of the first application in a first application region of a presentation space of the display; detect first user input in connection with the first window of the first application; in response to the detection of the first user input in connection with the first window of the first application, present a representation of a second window of the second application in a menu, in a first particular region of the presentation space of the display, for displaying the second window of the second application, in a second application region in the presentation space of the display, the first particular region: located in a first location adjacent to a second location of the first application region, operable for being at least one of re-sized or moved in response to the first application region being at least one of re-sized or moved, and operable for being hidden in response to the first applicatio

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method is provided, comprising: developing at least a portion of a particular application that is configured to be installed on at least one device including an operating system, a web browser, and another application; developing a web page that includes a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) link; causing the web page that includes the HTTP link to be hosted by at least one server in connection with a web site; causing to be stored, in connection with the particular application, first information identifying at least one aspect of the web site; causing to be stored, at the at least one server, second information identifying the particular application; via at least one network, receiving, at the at least one server and from the at least one device, a first request initiated via the web browser of the at least one device; and in response to the first request, serving, to the at least one device via the at least one network, the web page that includes the HTTP link such t

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is provided, comprising causing access to be provided, to a client computer, to code that causes the client computer to operate in accordance with a protocol that is separate from TCP, in order to establish a protocol connection with another server computer, by: receiving a packet, detecting an idle time period parameter field in the packet, identifying metadata in the idle time period parameter field for an idle time period, where, after the idle time period is detected, the second protocol connection is deemed inactive, and creating or modifying, by the client computer and based on the metadata, a timeout attribute associated with the second protocol connection.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems are described for sharing a folder and any contents (e.g. file(s)) thereof, via at least one communication. In an aspect, the folder and any contents (e.g. file(s)) thereof may be shared through a specific combination of capabilities or operations involving an email message and a file explorer interface without an attachment included with the at least one email message.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method is provided, comprising: developing at least a portion of a particular application that is configured to be installed on at least one device including an operating system, a web browser, and another application; developing a web page that includes a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) link; causing the web page that includes the HTTP link to be hosted by at least one server in connection with a web site; causing to be stored, in connection with the particular application, first information identifying at least one aspect of the web site; causing to be stored, at the at least one server, second information identifying the particular application; via at least one network, receiving, at the at least one server and from the at least one device, a first request initiated via the web browser of the at least one device; and in response to the first request, serving, to the at least one device via the at least one network, the web page that includes the HTTP link such t

Abstract: In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable media is provided storing computer instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a first node in a network, cause the first node to: receive an Internet Protocol (IP) packet that includes a first identifier and further includes an outside-scope second identifier that, for the first node, identifies a first region that does not include the first node and that is communicatively coupled to the first node via a second node; select, based on the outside-scope second identifier and based on at least one of a policy, a metric, or a routing table, an outgoing network interface included in at least one path segment of a plurality of path segments that communicatively couple the first node and at least one other node communicatively coupled to the first region, the plurality of path segments including at least one multi-hop path segment; and forward, via the outgoing network interface and to the second node, data received in the IP packet.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is provided, comprising causing access to be provided, to a client computer, to code that causes the client computer to operate in accordance with a protocol that is separate from TCP, in order to establish a protocol connection with another server computer, by: receiving a packet, detecting an idle time period parameter field in the packet, identifying metadata in the idle time period parameter field for an idle time period, where, after the idle time period is detected, the second protocol connection is deemed inactive, and creating or modifying, by the client computer and based on the metadata, a timeout attribute associated with the second protocol connection.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for processing an excludable addressable entity. Source code is received that includes a first addressable entity specified in a programming language. An excludable indicator is detected, in the source code, indicating that the first addressable entity is excludable from a second translation of the source code. A first translation, of the source code, is generated that includes a first translation of the first addressable entity. In response to the detecting of the excludable indicator, excluding information is generated that identifies the first translation of the first addressable entity as excludable for excluding the first addressable entity from the second translation generated from the first translation of the source code.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method (and non-transitory media) are provided, comprising at least a portion of an instant messaging application that is configured to cooperate with an apparatus, the instant messaging application, when executed, configured to cause a device to: display an instant messaging interface including: a text entry user interface element for receiving entered text, a plurality of user interface elements for generating attachment requests that are valid according to a criterion schema defining at least one of a format or a vocabulary, the plurality of user interface elements including: a first menu item with corresponding first text, and a second menu item with corresponding second text.

Abstract: One or more techniques are provided to: receive network path information for use in transmitting first data along a network path, and being received based on a node-scope specific identifier in a node-specific identifier space of a first node, where the node-scope specific identifier in the node-specific identifier space of the first node identifies, for the first node, a particular node in the network path; determine a node-scope specific identifier in a node-specific identifier space of a second node that identifies, for the second node, the particular node in the network path; map the node-scope specific identifier in the node-specific identifier space of the first node, to the node-scope specific identifier in the node-specific identifier space of the second node; and transmit the first data from the current node along the network path including the particular node.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method is provided, comprising: developing at least a portion of a particular application that is configured to be installed on at least one device including an operating system, a web browser, and another application; developing a web page that includes a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) link; causing the web page that includes the HTTP link to be hosted by at least one server in connection with a web site; causing to be stored, in connection with the particular application, first information identifying at least one aspect of the web site; causing to be stored, at the at least one server, second information identifying the particular application; via at least one network, receiving, at the at least one server and from the at least one device, a first request initiated via the web browser of the at least one device; in response to the first request, serving, to the at least one device via the at least one network, the web page that includes the HTTP link such that,

Abstract: A computer-implemented method (and non-transitory media) are provided, comprising at least a portion of an instant messaging application that is configured to cooperate with an apparatus, the instant messaging application, when executed, configured to cause a device to: display an instant messaging interface including: a text entry user interface element for receiving entered text, one or more user interface elements for generating requests that are valid according to a criterion schema defining at least one of a format or a vocabulary, the one or more user interface elements including: a first menu item with corresponding first text.