Abstract: A method and apparatus for the treatment of coal to form a valuable product gas such as methane (CH4), that may be augmented with hydrogen gas, and a high purity carbon product. The coal feedstock can advantageously be a low-grade coal that contains high levels of impurities. Reactants and by-products are advantageously recycled within the process system to enhance the economics of the process.

Abstract: Indicator dilution techniques are used to measure vascular access flow rates during routine hemodialysis.

Abstract: A computerized method for generating an electronic investment contract. The electronic investment contract provides enhanced flexibility through the use of investor-selectable allocation parameters and response parameters linked to one or more investment asset categories. More specifically, an investment identifier is used to uniquely specify a corresponding electronic investment contract. Each of one or more investment identifiers is associated with an investment amount and one or more asset category identifiers. The asset category identifier uniquely specifies an investment asset category, and it is associated with a corresponding allocation parameter and a corresponding response parameter. The allocation parameter specifies an allocation amount to be indexed to the corresponding asset category identifier, and the response parameter specifies a relationship between the allocation amount and any subsequent price and/or net worth changes in the corresponding investment asset category.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the production of hydrogen gas. The method includes the reduction of steam utilizing a metal species, such as iron or tin, to form pure hydrogen gas. At least two reactors are preferably utilized to continuously form additional metal for the reduction of the steam by reducing a metal oxide. No substantial transport of the non-gaseous reactants (e.g., the metal and metal oxide) is required, thereby simplifying the apparatus and reducing the overall cost of the hydrogen production.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a suitable enclosure or case, housing a tray or holder to receive and hold a high-memory card which may be formed of a recordable medium, or alternatively has inserted therein or placed thereon a magnetic or optical recordable medium on which data is recorded in the form of linear magnetic or optical recorded tracks. The card is held in place by card positioning pins and positioning springs. A linear head array can be caused to scan the card by a head array scanning motor driving a head array transportation wire. To precisely position the card with reference to the track positions or to move the card from one track of a track group to the next, the card tray may be moved orthogonaly stepped at right angles to the direction of travel of the linear head array assembly by a drive motor operating a lead screw and card tray leadscrew interface.

Abstract: A method for the production of ammonia. The method includes the reduction of steam using a metal species such as iron or tin to form pure hydrogen gas and the reaction of hydrogen gas with nitrogen gas to form ammonia. The nitrogen gas can be formed by extracting the oxygen from air through the oxidation of a metal, yielding nitrogen gas.

Abstract: Improved packaging films, which are shrinkable, high gas barrier films containing an antifog composition for modified atmosphere packaging of foods and the like. The films are useful for producing a modified atmosphere package useful for the preservation and shelf life extension of food and non-food oxygen sensitive items.

Abstract: A surgical knot pushing device is described which has a knot pushing interface mounted on the distal portion of an elongated body and an actuation handle located on the proximal portion of the elongated body. The knot pushing interface has a suture receiving recess formed thereon, and a knot positioning member which traverses the suture receiving interface. At least one extendable knot retaining member is further positioned on the pushing interface, the at least one extendable retaining member capable of engaging suture material. The knot pushing interface also comprises at least one suture cutting member which is in communication with the actuation handle. The present invention is particularly well suited for use in minimally invasive surgical procedures. The present invention also teaches a method of forming a knot in suture material, retaining a knot with a knot pushing device, advancing and applying a knot to an area of interest, and cutting excess suture material.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a device are disclosed. In one embodiment, the systems and methods allow for the control of a human transport device such that the human transport device remains in an upright position regardless of the surface being traversed. The systems and methods may include a plurality of operational modes where each mode has different characteristics. Additionally, systems and method for locating a center of gravity of a device are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a piezoelectric torque transducer is provided, comprising the steps of (a) forming a prepared area on a surface of a torsion member adapted to be strained by an applied torque; (b) providing a piezoelectric element having an axis of maximum strain sensitivity and disposing first and second electrodes on opposite faces of the element, respectively, and attaching an electrical lead to each electrode; (c) connecting electrical leads to the electrodes; and (d) disposing the element on the prepared area and orienting the axis of maximum strain sensitivity on the member and securing the element to the prepared area with a material selected from a group consisting of (i) adhesive material and (ii) potting material.

Abstract: A reclosable fastener assembly includes first and second elongated closure elements that are engageable to form a seal. A slider is slidable relative to the closure elements between an open position and a closed position and is adapted (i) to engage the closure elements to one another when moved across the closure elements toward the closed position and (ii) to disengage the closure elements from one another when moved across the closure elements toward the open position. The slider carries a first partial indicator. A second partial indicator is located relative to the closure elements so as to complement the first partial indicator to form a visual indicator when the slider is in the closed position.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (Ia) are disclosed by the invention, along with compositions and complexes thereof, optionally in combination with compounds of formula (Ib). Pharmaceutical formulations and methods of making and using such compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A camper back assembly for attachment to a boat includes a plurality of strut members having one end anchored to the boat, with the end opposite ends of the strut members anchored to the awning or boat structure. The length of the strut members is greater than the linear distance between the anchor points on the boat transom and the awning to provide a dome-like support for a cover portion which is releaseably secured to the boat.

Abstract: A vehicle for transporting a payload over a surface that may be irregular and may include stairs. The vehicle has a support for supporting the payload and a ground contacting element movable with respect to a local axis, where the local axis can be moved with respect to some second axis that has a defined relation with respect to the support. The vehicle also has a motorized drive arrangement for permitting controllable motion of the ground contacting element so as to operate in an operating condition that is unstable with respect to tipping in at least a fore-aft plane when the motorized drive arrangement is not powered. The vehicle also has an input device for receiving an indication from an assistant who is not disposed on the vehicle of a direction of desired motion of the vehicle.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition contains an aromatic carbonate resin, a rubber modified graft copolymer comprising a discontinuous rubber phase dispersed in a continuous rigid thermoplastic phase, wherein at least a portion of the rigid thermoplastic phase is chemically grafted to the rubber phase, and a flame retarding amount of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid flame retardant.

Abstract: A subsea pig launching apparatus for launching one or more pigs into a flowline which is fluidly connectable to a source of well fluid comprises at least one first hub to which the source of well fluid is connectable and which is in communication with the flowline, a first valve which is positioned between the first hub and the flowline, a second hub which is in communication with the flowline, and a pig launcher which is removably connectable to the second hub and which comprises at least one pig, at least one launch valve which is positioned between a pressure source and the pig, and a launch actuator for selectively opening and closing the launch valve. The launch actuator is controlled by a signal which is communicated through at least one of a number of external control and service lines that are connected to a control and service umbilical for the source of well fluid.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp assembly includes a housing and an LED lamp carried in the housing. A signal mirror, includes a mirror; and an LED lamp. The LED lamp includes a heat extraction member.

Abstract: The cascade-type thrust reverser comprises a cowling in which there is formed an opening which, when in a direct thrust mode, is closed by a sliding cowl and which, in a thrust-reversal mode, is uncovered by the translation of the said sliding cowl, a fan duct being defined between an interior skin and an exterior skin, said exterior skin having a radius Re in the plane transversal to the longitudinal axis of the reverser and passing through the upstream end of the sliding cowl in the direct thrust mode, and said interior skin having, downstream of this upstream plane, a maximum radius Ri in a plane parallel to the upstream plane, the upstream end of the said sliding cowl substantially blocking the fan duct upstream of the said downstream plane in a thrust-reversal mode, the said radius Re being less than the radius Ri.

Abstract: An interconnectable fumigant element connectable with like elements to form a segmented fumigant. The fumigant element has a burnable, elongated body holding a volatilizable active. The body has a first connector at one end and a second connector at a location remote from the first connector, the shapes of the first and second connectors being such that a user can use them to connect two such bodies. A second body so connected to a first body is automatically ignited as the first body bums down to its first connector. Two or more such bodies can be connected to form a segmented fumigant. A method of controlling insects by using such fumigant elements is also disclosed, as well as a kit including such fumigant elements for forming burnable and segmented fumigants. The connected fumigants can be stacked in a vertical manner or disposed horizontally.

Abstract: In a method for determining the dry mechanical strength for a green wood, the improvement comprising: (a) illuminating a surface of the wood to be determined with a reduced range of wavelengths in the VIS-NIR spectra 400 to 1150 nm, said wood having a green moisture content; (b) analyzing the surface of the wood using a spectrometric method, the method generating a first spectral data of a reduced range of wavelengths in VIS-NIR spectra; and (c) using a multivariate analysis technique to predict the mechanical strength of green wood when dry by comparing the first spectral data with a calibration model, the calibration model comprising a second spectrometric method of spectral data of a reduced range of wavelengths in VIS-NIR spectra obtained from a reference wood having a green moisture content, the second spectral being correlated with a known mechanical strength analytical result obtained from the reference wood when dried and a having a dry moisture content.