Abstract: A process and associated meter devices which will provide accurate and rapid measurement of the quantitites of cement and water in a sample of fresh concrete. A special volumetric flask is filled with a sample of fresh concrete to a known volume. The volumetric flask and its contents are then attached to the hollow body of a shaker meter which forms an extension of the upper part of the volumetric flask. A predetermined volume of special mixing liquid with precisely known density different than water is then added and thoroughly mixed with the concrete sample by shaking. A portion of the resulting cement-water-mixing liquid suspension, or liquor, is then poured off and strained into a vial where its relative density, which is a function of the amount of each constituent present, is determined by a special hydrometer. Another portion of the resulting suspension, or liquor, is filtered through a suitable paper, or other material, so that all cement is removed.

Abstract: Lightweight and structurally efficient construction or building units of cementitious materials and the method of making these units. Prefabricated cementitious strips or slabs are aligned with their longitudinal axes parallel and rigidly held in the desired orientation with each other, preferably with the use of spacer/connectors. Stressed or unstressed reinforcement elements can also be placed parallel to the lines of junction between the strips or slabs by attaching them to the spacer/connectors. Continuous prisms of cementing material or cement mortar are then applied along the junction of the strips or slabs and around the reinforcement to structurally bond all the components into an integral unit. The units are characterized by a constant cross section of relatively thin structural parts and voids normal to a major longitudinal axis. They can be massive or small depending on the particular application for which they are made.

Abstract: A testing device which will provide accurate in-site strength measurement of cast cementitious material. One or more such testing devices are cast into the cementitious material at the time of manufacture or construction of a component. At such future time as it is desired to know the strength of the cementitious material in the component an external force is applied to the protruding shaft of one of the testing devices. The force is gradually increased until rupture occurs in a precisely metered portion of the cementitious material affected by the testing device. The magnitude of force required to cause rupture is proportional to the strength of the cementitious material. Tests can be made at various times to assure adequate strength of the cementitious material for mold removal, stress loading and specified ultimate capacity.The testing devices described herein are relatively small in comparison to most cast cementitious components.