Abstract: The present invention provides a method of cryptographic synchronization. The method may include providing information indicative of a first counter to a first one of a plurality of base stations. The first counter is incremented prior to each message transmitted to each of the plurality of base stations. The method may also include authenticating at least one first message received from the first one of the plurality of base stations in response to providing the information indicative of first counter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for communication involving a supplicant, an authenticator, and an authentication server having an established security association based on a first key. The supplicant and the authenticator also have an established security association based on a second key. The method may include modifying the second key using the first key in response to determining that a challenge response from the supplicant is valid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of wireless communication involving at least one first base station associated with a first access serving network and at least one second base station associated with a second access serving network is provided. The method may include generating a first key associated with the first access serving network and the second base station, receiving information indicating that the first key is temporary, and establishing a communication link with the second base station using the first key.