Abstract: Antireflective nanoparticle coatings and methods of forming the coatings on substrates are disclosed. One method for forming an antireflective coating includes depositing a nanoparticle coating layer on a substrate, wherein the nanoparticle coating layer includes a colloidal solution of nanoparticles and a solidifying material. The solidifying material includes a silica precursor. The method further includes curing the solidifying material to form silica inter-particle connections between adjacent nanoparticles and between at least some of the nanoparticles and the substrate to bind the nanoparticles to each other and to the substrate to form the antireflective coating.

Abstract: A reflector assembly is provided for mounting on a spoked wheel such as, for example, a bicycle wheel. The assembly comprises a plate-like reflector and a fastener apparatus for securing the reflector to the wheel. The reflector includes a central aperture extending through the thickness of the reflector and a transversely extending groove on one side of the reflector which intersects the central aperture. The reflector is mounted on and secured to a spoke received within the transversely extending groove by the fastener apparatus which includes a fastening element and a binding screw, each of which are inserted into the central aperture from opposite ends thereof and, upon engagement of the fastening element and the binding screw, serve to secure the reflector to the spoke.