Abstract: A system for producing realistic tactile feedback forces in a tool operation simulator. Sensors sense the location and direction of movement of a simulated tool in a simulated landscape environment to produce electrical signals representing three dimensional location and direction of movement. These electrical signals are processed by re-programmable processors to produce control signals that are fed to pneumatic bi-directional piston-type actuators to impart realistic forces similar to forces that would be encountered in corresponding real-life movement of the simulated tool.

Abstract: A method for joining tubular members at right angles for use in the construction of a rail and pole metal fence or grating, in which the poles are inserted through pre-punched multi-sided clearance holes in the rails and are secured in the clearance holes by a coupling bar that engages slots in the slides of the poles as it is inserted longitudinally inside the rail.

Abstract: A method for joining tubular members at right angles for use in the construction of a rail and pole metal fence, grating and the like, in which the poles are inserted in prepunched multi-sided clearance holes in the rails and are secured therein by means of set screws, serrated pins or nails.

Abstract: A system is provided for reducing the total information contained in an image in order to reduce the size of the image. In an image comprising a number of lines, each line including a plurality of dots, first reduction means deletes data representing a predetermined proportion of dots spaced at regular intervals along each line, during the storage of said data in a storage device comprising part of the system. Second reduction means deletes data representing a predetermined proportion of the total lines of the image during the output of the data representing the lines from the storage device of the system.

Abstract: A system is provided for the storage and decoding of data which may be used to produce an image. A storage device is functionally divided into a number of sections, so that data may be read from certain sections of the device at a time when other sections have not been completely loaded with data. A decoding memory is utilized for the decoding of information which has previously been encoded at an earlier stage, so that the decoded information can then be applied to a utilizing device. The same read address counter is used to address corresponding locations in the storage device and the decoding memory, and the data output from these two addresses is compared to provide decoded data which constitutes the output information, and which is also written back into the corresponding location of the decoding memory, to be employed in the next comparison operation.

Abstract: A method of converting steam pressure from a boiler into a constant pressure hydraulic fluid working media and system for efficiently utilizing the hydraulically stored energy in a land vehicle or the like. A reciprocating steam piston actuates one or more hydraulic pistons in cylinders without going through a crankshaft or other rotating parts. A means of recuperating kinetic energy from a decelerating vehicle and storing it as pressurized working fluid is provided.