Abstract: The present invention provides an instrument assembly that is expandable in steps for providing precise measurement of bone gap and distraction of bone in a controlled manner. It discloses a tool performing expandable Bi-Surface Mechanism to expand a bi-compartmental structure. The disclosed system is equipped with two active surfaces (Bottom base and a top plate) between which a force is applied to move the surfaces in relation to each other for providing precise measurement of bone gap and distraction of bone in a controlled manner. Additionally, the control mechanism of the present invention includes applying direct and/or measured/graduated separation force between the two surfaces and able to deliver haptic and sensor-based feedback to the surgeon for the critical ligament tensioning and balancing aspects of the procedure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the safe surgical placement of trochars, is provided. The trochar has a sheath protecting the sharp point. The guide includes a receiver, into which the trochar with sheath is inserted, protecting personnel against sticks. The guide has a holder that grips the trochar in the X, Y, Z and Theta directions, providing position and direction of the point. The guide provides a handle for holding the trochar, reducing effort. The trochar point is exposed only after opening the guide. The receiver with sheath is a target, which provides an accurate reference for the position of the sharp point. The target also provides support as the trochar is being advanced through soft tissue. The trochar is locked into the safety guide until the guide is closed, and the point is safely in the sheath. Since the guide may not be reopened, the trochar point and body fluids are safely covered. Operating Room personnel are protected against hazardous sharps injuries.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the safe surgical placement of trochars, is provided. The trochar has a sheath protecting the sharp point. The guide includes a receiver, into which the trochar with sheath is inserted, protecting personnel against sticks. The guide has a holder that grips the trochar in the X, Y, Z and Theta directions, providing position and direction of the point. The guide provides a handle for holding the trochar, reducing effort. The trochar point is exposed only after opening the guide. The receiver with sheath is a target, which provides an accurate reference for the position of the sharp point. The target also provides support as the trochar is being advanced through soft tissue. The trochar is locked into the safety guide until the guide is closed, and the point is safely in the sheath. Since the guide may not be reopened, the trochar point and body fluids are safely covered. Operating Room personnel are protected against hazardous sharps injuries.

Abstract: Surgical, bone-shaping tools include a saw and a planer. Each tool includes a pair of spaced-apart circular plates of equal diameter, each plate having an inner surface an outer surface, and a peripheral edge. The plates are configured to rotate about a common axis with the inner surfaces facing one another. The inner surface of each plate includes a concentric circular rim, each being of equal diameter but less than the diameter of the circular plates. The circular rims are spaced apart by a cylindrical axle aligned along the common axis. An elongate flat support plate having a proximal end, a distal end and opposing side edges, includes a bore or notch to receive the cylindrical post. A first portion of a flexible drive element engages with a drive mechanism and a second portion thereof engages with the circular rims, thereby enabling the plates to rotate in unison in response to the drive mechanism, providing an efficient bone cutting tool.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the safe surgical placement of trochars, is provided. The trochar has a sheath protecting the sharp point. The guide includes a receiver, into which the trochar with sheath is inserted, protecting personnel against sticks. The guide has a holder that grips the trochar in the X, Y, Z and Theta directions, providing position and direction of the point. The guide provides a handle for holding the trochar, reducing effort. The trochar point is exposed only after opening the guide. The receiver with sheath is a target, which provides an accurate reference for the position of the sharp point. The target also provides support as the trochar is being advanced through soft tissue. The trochar is locked into the safety guide until the guide is closed, and the point is safely in the sheath. Since the guide may not be reopened, the trochar point and body fluids are safely covered. Operating Room personnel are protected against hazardous sharps injuries.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the safe surgical placement of sharp instruments, such as trocars, is provided. The apparatus includes a safety guide that allows placement of a surgical trocar through a patient's skin and into a receiver. After placement of a sharp end of the trocar into the receiver, the trocar is then advanced through the patient's skin and removed from the body, thereby pulling a surgical drain, which is attached to the trocar, through the skin. The trocar and safety guide may then be disposed, the sharp end of the trochar remaining safely covered by the receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the safe surgical placement of sharp instruments, such as trocars, is provided. The apparatus includes a safety guide that allows placement of a surgical trocar through a patient's skin and into a receiver. After placement of a sharp end of the trocar into the receiver, the trocar is then advanced through the patient's skin and removed from the body, thereby pulling a surgical drain, which is attached to the trocar, through the skin. The trocar and safety guide may then be disposed, the sharp end of the trocar remaining safely covered by the receiver.

Abstract: Postoperative change in lower extremity length during total hip arthroplasty is controlled by determining a control distance between proximal and distal fixed reference points on a control femur, wherein the control distance provides an indication of the length of the femoral head of the control femur, and adjusting a corresponding operative distance between corresponding proximal and distal fixed reference points on a corresponding operative femur of a lower extremity in relation to the control distance. The method employs provisional femoral heads comprising a pin inserted into the axis of rotation of the head whereby when the head is installed on an operative femur, the axis of the pin is perpendicular to the axis of the femur.