Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices and systems for analyzing one or more conditions of a patient. The system may comprise a device comprising a tubular body having a first lumen operable to deliver a fluid, at least one sensor at near tip of the tubular body, configured to measure a peripheral venous pressure within a vein of the patient, and at least one processor configured to receive a peripheral venous pressure (PVP) waveform from the at least one sensor, process the PVP waveform, and determine one or more conditions of the patient based on the processed PVP waveform.

Abstract: Multiple segmentation servers are synchronized to provide failover capacity in such a way that should a failover occur, the segment numbers/playlists/encryption keys/decryption keys are identical on each of the segmentation servers. Synchronizing the contents of a segmentation server on one or more backup segmentation servers ensures that the delivery of a content stream is immune to the failure of segmentation servers, provided at least one segmentation server remains fault-free. A caching server may further facilitate the fault tolerance by checking the availability of the individual segmentation servers, collect content segments from one of the segmentation servers, and serve the content segment to clients. The caching server automatically checks a primary segmentation server to ensure it is available (e.g., online), and provides automatic failover to a backup segmentation server should the primary server experience a fault (e.g., go offline).

Abstract: Some of the electronic messages transmitted post-purchase to the purchaser of a gift may include content that is of interest to the gift recipient. However, not all of the content in a message suitable for the purchaser might be suitable for a message to the gift recipient. In some embodiments, content may be obscured in a message for a given recipient. The obscuring may be implemented through at least one of: hiding, omitting, masking/obfuscating, or modifying the content presented. In some embodiments, a message is generated without having regard to the possible message recipients, and includes fields tagged to associate each field with a respective one or more recipients. For each recipient, a message is generated and transmitted in which the content that does not have a tag associated with that recipient is obscured.

Abstract: A user may purchase a subscription service online, which may be purchased as a gift for a gift recipient. At the end of the gifted subscription, the gift recipient may wish to continue the subscription without interruption. However, the subscription order may be stored in memory in association with the purchaser, and there may be no way to automatically link, in memory, the data in a gift subscription order and the data in a new subscription ordered by the gift recipient. In some embodiments, data associated with a subscription order includes a subscription transfer object, which stores subscription information specific to the subscription recipient and omits personal information associated with the purchaser. In some embodiments, a subscription identifier is issued to the recipient, which, when provided to the platform, allows the subscription transfer object to be transferred over to a new subscription for the recipient.

Abstract: Multiple segmentation servers are synchronized to provide failover capacity in such a way that should a failover occur, the segment numbers/playlists/encryption keys/decryption keys are identical on each of the segmentation servers. Synchronizing the contents of a segmentation server on one or more backup segmentation servers ensures that the delivery of a content stream is immune to the failure of segmentation servers, provided at least one segmentation server remains fault-free. A caching server may further facilitate the fault tolerance by checking the availability of the individual segmentation servers, collect content segments from one of the segmentation servers, and serve the content segment to clients. The caching server automatically checks a primary segmentation server to ensure it is available (e.g., online), and provides automatic failover to a backup segmentation server should the primary server experience a fault (e.g., go offline).

Abstract: A user may purchase a subscription service online, which may be purchased as a gift for a gift recipient. At the end of the gifted subscription, the gift recipient may wish to continue the subscription without interruption. However, the subscription order may be stored in memory in association with the purchaser, and there may be no way to automatically link, in memory, the data in a gift subscription order and the data in a new subscription ordered by the gift recipient. In some embodiments, data associated with a subscription order includes a subscription transfer object, which stores subscription information specific to the subscription recipient and omits personal information associated with the purchaser. In some embodiments, a subscription identifier is issued to the recipient, which, when provided to the platform, allows the subscription transfer object to be transferred over to a new subscription for the recipient.

Abstract: Multiple segmentation servers are synchronized to provide failover capacity in such a way that should a failover occur, the segment numbers/playlists/encryption keys/decryption keys are identical on each of the segmentation servers. Synchronizing the contents of a segmentation server on one or more backup segmentation servers ensures that the delivery of a content stream is immune to the failure of segmentation servers, provided at least one segmentation server remains fault-free. A caching server may further facilitate the fault tolerance by checking the availability of the individual segmentation servers, collect content segments from one of the segmentation servers, and serve the content segment to clients. The caching server automatically checks a primary segmentation server to ensure it is available (e.g., online), and provides automatic failover to a backup segmentation server should the primary server experience a fault (e.g., go offline).

Abstract: A user may purchase a subscription service online, which may be purchased as a gift for a gift recipient. At the end of the gifted subscription, the gift recipient may wish to continue the subscription without interruption. However, the subscription order may be stored in memory in association with the purchaser, and there may be no way to automatically link, in memory, the data in a gift subscription order and the data in a new subscription ordered by the gift recipient. In some embodiments, data associated with a subscription order includes a subscription transfer object, which stores subscription information specific to the subscription recipient and omits personal information associated with the purchaser. In some embodiments, a subscription identifier is issued to the recipient, which, when provided to the platform, allows the subscription transfer object to be transferred over to a new subscription for the recipient.

Abstract: Some of the electronic messages transmitted post-purchase to the purchaser of a gift may include content that is of interest to the gift recipient. However, not all of the content in a message suitable for the purchaser might be suitable for a message to the gift recipient. In some embodiments, content may be obscured in a message for a given recipient. The obscuring may be implemented through at least one of: hiding, omitting, masking/obfuscating, or modifying the content presented. In some embodiments, a message is generated without having regard to the possible message recipients, and includes fields tagged to associate each field with a respective one or more recipients. For each recipient, a message is generated and transmitted in which the content that does not have a tag associated with that recipient is obscured.

Abstract: A user may purchase a subscription service online, which may be purchased as a gift for a gift recipient. At the end of the gifted subscription, the gift recipient may wish to continue the subscription without interruption. However, the subscription order may be stored in memory in association with the purchaser, and there may be no way to automatically link, in memory, the data in a gift subscription order and the data in a new subscription ordered by the gift recipient. In some embodiments, data associated with a subscription order includes a subscription transfer object, which stores subscription information specific to the subscription recipient and omits personal information associated with the purchaser. In some embodiments, a subscription identifier is issued to the recipient, which, when provided to the platform, allows the subscription transfer object to be transferred over to a new subscription for the recipient.

Abstract: Multiple segmentation servers are synchronized to provide failover capacity in such a way that should a failover occur, the segment numbers/playlists/encryption keys/decryption keys are identical on each of the segmentation servers. Synchronizing the contents of a segmentation server on one or more backup segmentation servers ensures that the delivery of a content stream is immune to the failure of segmentation servers, provided at least one segmentation server remains fault-free. A caching server may further facilitate the fault tolerance by checking the availability of the individual segmentation servers, collect content segments from one of the segmentation servers, and serve the content segment to clients. The caching server automatically checks a primary segmentation server to ensure it is available (e.g., online), and provides automatic failover to a backup segmentation server should the primary server experience a fault (e.g., go offline).

Abstract: A video distribution system synchronizes video output streams on multiple encoders without communication therebetween. Each of the encoders is configured to decode a source video content stream into a sequence of uncompressed frames, where each frame in the sequence is marked with an associated presentation time stamp (PTS) clock value. The encoders calculate a number of clock cycles between instantaneous decoder refresh (IDR)-frames. For each frame in the sequence, the encoders calculate a remainder after a division of an associated PTS clock value of a given frame by the number of clock cycles between IDR-frames. The encoders mark each frame in the sequence as an IDR-frame where the corresponding remainder is strictly less than the number of PTS clock cycles per frame and mark a remainder of the frames in the sequence as an internal frame within a group of pictures (GOP) to produce a marked set of video frames.

Abstract: Multiple segmentation servers are synchronized to provide failover capacity in such a way that should a failover occur, the segment numbers/playlists/encryption keys/decryption keys are identical on each of the segmentation servers. Synchronizing the contents of a segmentation server on one or more backup segmentation servers ensures that the delivery of a content stream is immune to the failure of segmentation servers, provided at least one segmentation server remains fault-free. A caching server may further facilitate the fault tolerance by checking the availability of the individual segmentation servers, collect content segments from one of the segmentation servers, and serve the content segment to clients. The caching server automatically checks a primary segmentation server to ensure it is available (e.g., online), and provides automatic failover to a backup segmentation server should the primary server experience a fault (e.g., go offline).

Abstract: A video distribution system minimizes bandwidth use between a headend and a remote video distribution center through an origin segmentation server and an edge segmentation server. The origin segmentation server is located at the headend and creates segments and playlists for every video stream originating at the headend. An edge segmentation server is located at the remote video distribution center and receives a request for a playlist of a content stream from CPE. The edge segmentation server joins a multicast group with the content stream and requests the playlist from the origin segmentation server. The edge segmentation server constructs a second playlist with a predetermined final number of segments from the playlist to return to the CPE, generates segments from the content stream received from the headend, identifies and obtains missing segments from the origin segmentation server, and updates the second playlist with the missing segments and segments generated by the edge segmentation server.

Abstract: A video distribution system synchronizes video output streams on multiple encoders without communication therebetween. Each of the encoders is configured to decode a source video content stream into a sequence of uncompressed frames, where each frame in the sequence is marked with an associated presentation time stamp (PTS) clock value. The encoders calculate a number of clock cycles between instantaneous decoder refresh (IDR)-frames. For each frame in the sequence, the encoders calculate a remainder after a division of an associated PTS clock value of a given frame by the number of clock cycles between IDR-frames. The encoders mark each frame in the sequence as an IDR-frame where the corresponding remainder is strictly less than the number of PTS clock cycles per frame and mark a remainder of the frames in the sequence as an internal frame within a group of pictures (GOP) to produce a marked set of video frames.

Abstract: A video distribution system synchronizes video output streams on multiple encoders without communication therebetween. Each of the encoders is configured to decode a source video content stream into a sequence of uncompressed frames, where each frame in the sequence is marked with an associated presentation time stamp (PTS) clock value. The encoders calculate a number of clock cycles between instantaneous decoder refresh (IDR)-frames. For each frame in the sequence, the encoders calculate a remainder after a division of an associated PTS clock value of a given frame by the number of clock cycles between IDR-frames. The encoders mark each frame in the sequence as an IDR-frame where the corresponding remainder is strictly less than the number of PTS clock cycles per frame and mark a remainder of the frames in the sequence as an internal frame within a group of pictures (GOP) to produce a marked set of video frames.

Abstract: A video distribution system synchronizes video output streams on multiple encoders without communication therebetween. Each of the encoders is configured to decode a source video content stream into a sequence of uncompressed frames, where each frame in the sequence is marked with an associated presentation time stamp (PTS) clock value. The encoders calculate a number of clock cycles between instantaneous decoder refresh (IDR)-frames. For each frame in the sequence, the encoders calculate a remainder after a division of an associated PTS clock value of a given frame by the number of clock cycles between IDR-frames. The encoders mark each frame in the sequence as an IDR-frame where the corresponding remainder is strictly less than the number of PTS clock cycles per frame and mark a remainder of the frames in the sequence as an internal frame within a group of pictures (GOP) to produce a marked set of video frames.

Abstract: A video distribution system minimizes bandwidth use between a headend and a remote video distribution center through an origin segmentation server and an edge segmentation server. The origin segmentation server is located at the headend and creates segments and playlists for every video stream originating at the headend. An edge segmentation server is located at the remote video distribution center and receives a request for a playlist of a content stream from CPE. The edge segmentation server joins a multicast group with the content stream and requests the playlist from the origin segmentation server. The edge segmentation server constructs a second playlist with a predetermined final number of segments from the playlist to return to the CPE, generates segments from the content stream received from the headend, identifies and obtains missing segments from the origin segmentation server, and updates the second playlist with the missing segments and segments generated by the edge segmentation server.

Abstract: Multiple segmentation servers are synchronized to provide failover capacity in such a way that should a failover occur, the segment numbers/playlists/encryption keys/decryption keys are identical on each of the segmentation servers. Synchronizing the contents of a segmentation server on one or more backup segmentation servers ensures that the delivery of a content stream is immune to the failure of segmentation servers, provided at least one segmentation server remains fault-free. A caching server may further facilitate the fault tolerance by checking the availability of the individual segmentation servers, collect content segments from one of the segmentation servers, and serve the content segment to clients. The caching server automatically checks a primary segmentation server to ensure it is available (e.g., online), and provides automatic failover to a backup segmentation server should the primary server experience a fault (e.g., go offline).

Abstract: A method is provided for treating a tobacco material, wherein the method comprises treating the tobacco material with subcritical water. Also provided is a tobacco material which has been treated by such a method, or a derivative thereof, and a smoking article which comprises a tobacco material treated by such a method.