Abstract: A personal hygiene device having a handle and a treatment head pivotably connected to the handle. A sensor for measuring a measurement variable is fixedly secured with respect to one of the handle and the treatment head. A sensor cooperation unit having a sensor permanent magnet for defining or influencing the measurement variable in dependence on the relative position of the sensor and the sensor-cooperation unit. The sensor-cooperation unit is fixedly secured with respect to the other one of the handle and the treatment head. A spring unit defines a rest position of the treatment head when no treatment force is applied on the treatment head. An initial distance between the sensor permanent magnet and the sensor in a no-load position is 2 mm to 6 mm.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device having a handle and a treatment head pivotably connected to the handle. A sensor for measuring a measurement variable is fixedly secured with respect to one of the handle and the treatment head. A sensor cooperation unit having a sensor permanent magnet for defining or influencing the measurement variable in dependence on the relative position of the sensor and the sensor-cooperation unit. The sensor-cooperation unit is fixedly secured with respect to the other one of the handle and the treatment head. A spring unit defines a rest position of the treatment head when no treatment force is applied on the treatment head. The spring unit has at least a first rod-like spring element with a height and a width and extending along a longitudinal extension direction of the handle. A width-to-height ratio of the at least first rod-like spring element is from 1.0 to 3.33.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle and a treatment head pivotably connected with the handle. Applying a treatment force against the treatment head causes a pivoting of the treatment head relative to the handle. A sensor, such as, e.g., a Hall sensor, fixedly secured with respect to one of the handle and the treatment head, measures a measurement variable. A sensor cooperation unit defines or influences the measurement variable in dependence on the relative position of the sensor and the sensor cooperation unit, such e.g., as a sensor permanent magnet, fixedly secured relative to one of the handle and the treatment head. A spring unit defines a rest position of the treatment head when no treatment force is applied. The spring unit has a first spring constant in the treatment direction and a second spring constant in a lateral direction, the second spring constant being at least about two times higher than the first spring constant.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a drive unit having a support, a stator fixedly mounted at the support, and an armature spring-mounted at the support for driven linear oscillating motion along a first longitudinal direction parallel to or coinciding with an x-axis of an x-y-z coordinate system. The armature has a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xa, ya, za], and a drive shaft fixedly coupled with the armature and having a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xd, yd, zd]. A first treatment head assembly, detachably connected to the drive shaft, has a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xt1, yt1, zt1]. A secondary mass element, spring-mounted at the support for essentially linear oscillating motion along the first longitudinal direction, has a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xm, ym, zm].

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle and a treatment head pivotably connected with the handle. Applying a treatment force against the treatment head causes a pivoting of the treatment head relative to the handle. A sensor, such as, e.g., a Hall sensor, fixedly secured with respect to one of the handle and the treatment head, measures a measurement variable. A sensor cooperation unit defines or influences the measurement variable in dependence on the relative position of the sensor and the sensor cooperation unit, such e.g., as a sensor permanent magnet, fixedly secured relative to one of the handle and the treatment head. A spring unit defines a rest position of the treatment head when no treatment force is applied. The spring unit has a first spring constant in the treatment direction and a second spring constant in a lateral direction, the second spring constant being at least about two times higher than the first spring constant.

Abstract: A toothbrush has a handle and a treatment head mounted for movement relative to the handle against a spring force when a treatment force is applied in at least one treatment direction onto the treatment head. A treatment force measurement unit for determining the applied treatment force includes a capacitive force senor having a first electrode fixedly mounted with respect to the handle and a second electrode mounted at a distance from the first electrode. The second electrode is movably mounted with respect to the handle. A spring unit is arranged between the first and the second electrode. A control circuit determines at least one parameter indicative of the capacitance between the first and second electrodes, wherein the second electrode is mechanically coupled with the treatment head and is arranged to be moved relative to the first electrode when the treatment force is applied at the treatment head.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle and a treatment head pivotably connected with the handle. Applying a treatment force against the treatment head causes a pivoting of the treatment head relative to the handle. A sensor, such as, e.g., a Hall sensor, fixedly secured with respect to one of the handle and the treatment head, measures a measurement variable. A sensor cooperation unit defines or influences the measurement variable in dependence on the relative position of the sensor and the sensor cooperation unit, such e.g., as a sensor permanent magnet, fixedly secured relative to one of the handle and the treatment head. A spring unit defines a rest position of the treatment head when no treatment force is applied. The spring unit has a first spring constant in the treatment direction and a second spring constant in a lateral direction, the second spring constant being at least about two times higher than the first spring constant.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle and a treatment head pivotably connected with the handle. Applying a treatment force against the treatment head causes a pivoting of the treatment head relative to the handle. A sensor, such as, e.g., a Hall sensor, fixedly secured with respect to one of the handle and the treatment head, measures a measurement variable. A sensor cooperation unit defines or influences the measurement variable in dependence on the relative position of the sensor and the sensor cooperation unit, such e.g., as a sensor permanent magnet, fixedly secured relative to one of the handle and the treatment head. A spring unit defines a rest position of the treatment head when no treatment force is applied. The spring unit has a first spring constant in the treatment direction and a second spring constant in a lateral direction, the second spring constant being at least about two times higher than the first spring constant.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle, a treatment head, and a motor carrier disposed in the handle. The motor is pivot-mounted against at least one spring element arranged between the handle and the motor carrier. The motor has a stator portion fixedly mounted at the motor carrier and an armature portion spring mounted at the motor carrier to allow a motion relative to the motor carrier. The armature portion is coupled with a drive shaft connected with the treatment head for transferring motion thereto, wherein an external treatment force acting on the brush head leads to pivoting of the motor carrier relative to the handle. The motor has a motor permanent magnet and a coil for providing an alternating electromagnetic field interacting therewith to excite an oscillating motion of the drive shaft.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a drive unit having a support, a stator fixedly mounted at the support, and an armature spring-mounted at the support for driven linear oscillating motion along a first longitudinal direction parallel to or coinciding with an x-axis of an x-y-z coordinate system. The armature has a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xa, ya, za], and a drive shaft fixedly coupled with the armature and having a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xd, yd, zd]. A first treatment head assembly, detachably connected to the drive shaft, has a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xt1, yt1, zt1]. A secondary mass element, spring-mounted at the support for essentially linear oscillating motion along the first longitudinal direction, has a center of gravity located in rest at a coordinate [xm, ym, zm].

Abstract: A toothbrush has a handle and a treatment head mounted for movement relative to the handle against a spring force when a treatment force is applied in at least one treatment direction onto the treatment head. A treatment force measurement unit for determining the applied treatment force includes a capacitive force senor having a first electrode fixedly mounted with respect to the handle and a second electrode mounted at a distance from the first electrode. The second electrode is movably mounted with respect to the handle. A spring unit is arranged between the first and the second electrode. A control circuit determines at least one parameter indicative of the capacitance between the first and second electrodes, wherein the second electrode is mechanically coupled with the treatment head and is arranged to be moved relative to the first electrode when the treatment force is applied at the treatment head.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle, a treatment head mounted for relative movement of at least a portion thereof with respect to the handle against a restoring force when a treatment force is applied in at least one direction onto the treatment head, a treatment-force-measurement unit for determining the applied treatment force comprising a light-emitting element, a light-sensitive element, and a light-changing element arranged at least partly in the light path between the light-emitting element and the light-sensitive element, wherein the light-changing element and at least one of the light-emitting element and light-sensitive element are arranged to be moved relatively to each other when at least the portion of the treatment head is moved.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle and a treatment head pivotably connected with the handle. Applying a treatment force against the treatment head causes a pivoting of the treatment head relative to the handle. A sensor, such as, e.g., a Hall sensor, fixedly secured with respect to one of the handle and the treatment head, measures a measurement variable. A sensor cooperation unit defines or influences the measurement variable in dependence on the relative position of the sensor and the sensor cooperation unit, such e.g., as a sensor permanent magnet, fixedly secured relative to one of the handle and the treatment head. A spring unit defines a rest position of the treatment head when no treatment force is applied. The spring unit has a first spring constant in the treatment direction and a second spring constant in a lateral direction, the second spring constant being at least about two times higher than the first spring constant.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle, a treatment head, and a motor carrier disposed in the handle. The motor is pivot-mounted against at least one spring element arranged between the handle and the motor carrier. The motor has a stator portion fixedly mounted at the motor carrier and an armature portion spring mounted at the motor carrier to allow a motion relative to the motor carrier. The armature portion is coupled with a drive shaft connected with the treatment head for transferring motion thereto, wherein an external treatment force acting on the brush head leads to pivoting of the motor carrier relative to the handle. The motor has a motor permanent magnet and a coil for providing an alternating electromagnetic field interacting therewith to excite an oscillating motion of the drive shaft.

Abstract: A personal hygiene device has a handle, a treatment head mounted for relative movement of at least a portion thereof with respect to the handle against a restoring force when a treatment force is applied in at least one direction onto the treatment head, a treatment-force-measurement unit for determining the applied treatment force comprising a light-emitting element, a light-sensitive element, and a light-changing element arranged at least partly in the light path between the light-emitting element and the light-sensitive element, wherein the light-changing element and at least one of the light-emitting element and light-sensitive element are arranged to be moved relatively to each other when at least the portion of the treatment head is moved.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement (S) for supplying a load (P), whose essential electric property is capacitance, from a DC voltage source (U0) has a switch element (S1), which in the operational state is alternately switched between the conductive and non-conductive state, and at least one component (L1, L2) whose essential property is inductance, the load (P) being coupled into the circuit arrangement (S) in parallel to the component (L1, L2) so that the load (P) and the component (L1, L2) form a parallel resonant circuit, the switch element (S1) is connected between the parallel resonant circuit and a base voltage (GND) and the DC voltage source is to be applied in parallel (U0) to the load. The circuit arrangement (S) according to the invention can be used to drive the capacitive load (P) in a bipolar manner, the supply of the load in the non-conductive phase of the switch element (S1) being achieved by the component (L1, L2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric toothbrush, specifically the toothbrush handle of an electric toothbrush, with a handle housing, with a preferably rod-shaped drive transmitter which protrudes from a first side of the handle housing and on which a brush attachment can be secured, and with a drive motor for moving the drive transmitter, wherein the drive transmitter is mounted, by means of a bearing device in the interior of the handle housing, in the manner of a rocker arm such that the drive transmitter can be pivoted to-and-fro transverse to its longitudinal axis by the drive motor. The invention further relates to the whole toothbrush, comprising such a toothbrush handle part and a brush attachment secured to the drive transmitter thereof. According to the invention, the bearing device holds the drive transmitter so as to pivot about a rotation point lying outside the handle housing.

Abstract: A gas control and operation method of a fuel cell system for improved water and gas distribution is disclosed. The present invention provides for a mechanization of a fuel cell system that allows control of the anode reactant and anode effluent through the anode portions of the fuel cell system to improve water and gas distribution on the anode side of the fuel cells that increases the voltage stability of the fuel cells.

Abstract: There is described a method and device for measurement of the specific density of a gaseous or liquid medium, whereby a pulsed acoustic signal is injected into the measured medium by means of a transmitting transducer, the signal is detected by a receiver transducer, after passing over a measured path, whereupon the acoustic impedance Z is automatically determined in an analytical device by comparison of a curve for the currently measured received signal with reference curves, predetermined for various values of the acoustic impedances stored for each value of the acoustic impedance, whereby the propagation speed c of the acoustic signal in the medium is determined and the density p of the medium is calculated as the quotient from the acoustic impedance Z and the propagation speed c. The method is preferably of application to an ultrasound mass flow measurement device and hence has the advantage that no additional density sensor is required, nevertheless permitting a robust and precise measurement of density.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement (S) for supplying a load (P), whose essential electric property is capacitance, from a DC voltage source (U0) has a switch element (S1), which in the operational state is alternately switched between the conductive and non-conductive state, and at least one component (L1, L2) whose essential property is inductance, the load (P) being coupled into the circuit arrangement (S) in parallel to the component (L1, L2) so that the load (P) and the component (L1, L2) form a parallel resonant circuit, the switch element (S1) is connected between the parallel resonant circuit and a base voltage (GND) and the DC voltage source is to be applied in parallel (U0) to the load. The circuit arrangement (S) according to the invention can be used to drive the capacitive load (P) in a bipolar manner, the supply of the load in the non-conductive phase of the switch element (S1) being achieved by the component (L1, L2).