Abstract: The disclosure relates to a plant, especially power plant, for reduction of the carbon dioxide content in atmospheric air, especially for improvement of atmospheric air quality. The plant has at least one electrolysis unit for oxygen production, at least one carbonization unit for carbon synthesis, especially a Bosch reaction unit, and at least one unit for cleaning of ambient air from an outside atmosphere surrounding the plant. The carbonization unit synthesizes carbon from carbon dioxide which is obtained from the atmosphere by means of the carbon dioxide sorption unit and this carbon is stored, in order to effectively reduce the proportion of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The disclosure further relates to a method of operating such a plant, with which the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere can be efficiently reduced.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a plant, especially power plant, for reduction of the carbon dioxide content in atmospheric air, especially for improvement of atmospheric air quality. The plant has at least one electrolysis unit for oxygen production, at least one carbonization unit for carbon synthesis, especially a Bosch reaction unit, and at least one unit for cleaning of ambient air from an outside atmosphere surrounding the plant. The carbonization unit synthesizes carbon from carbon dioxide which is obtained from the atmosphere by means of the carbon dioxide sorption unit and this carbon is stored, in order to effectively reduce the proportion of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The disclosure further relates to a method of operating such a plant, with which the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere can be efficiently reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytically active material for the electrochemical oxidation of water, wherein the catalytically active material comprises an amorphous Ir-oxohydroxide, wherein the catalytically active material has a specific surface area (SBET) of ?50 m2.g?1; an electrode coated with the catalytically active material; a proton exchange membrane (PEM) based electrolyzer comprising the electrode; the use of the catalytically active material, the electrode or the electrolyzer the electrochemical oxidation of water; and a process for preparing the catalytically active material comprising the microwave-assisted thermal treatment of a basic solution of an Ir(III) or Ir(IV) complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytically active material for the electrochemical oxidation of water, wherein the catalytically active material comprises an amorphous Ir-oxohydroxide, wherein the catalytically active material has a specific surface area (SBET) of ?50 m2.g?1; an electrode coated with the catalytically active material; a proton exchange membrane (PEM) based electrolyzer comprising the electrode; the use of the catalytically active material, the electrode or the electrolyzer the electrochemical oxidation of water; and a process for preparing the catalytically active material comprising the microwave-assisted thermal treatment of a basic solution of an Ir(III) or Ir(IV) complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytically active material, comprising atomically dispersed metal species on the surface of a carbon material, wherein the atomically dispersed metal species are dispersed in an ionic liquid, and wherein the surface of the carbon material comprises carbon atoms having sp2 hybridization; ink for coating electrodes comprising the catalytically active material; an electrode coated with the catalytically active material; an electrolyzer comprising an electrode coated with the catalytically active material; use of the catalytically active material, the electrode, or the electrolyzer for oxidation, the reduction of oxygen, or the electrochemical oxidation of water; and a process for making the catalytically active material comprising the steps of atomically dispersing a metal species in an ionic liquid to form a first composition, and mixing the first composition with a carbon material having carbon atoms with sp2 hybridization on the surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the electrolytic splitting of water using a carbon-supported manganese oxide (MnOx) composite. Specifically, the present electrolytic splitting of water is carried under neutral electrolyte conditions with a high electrolytic activity, while using an oxygen evolution reaction (OER)-electrode comprising the present carbon-supported MnOx composite. Next, the present invention relates to a process for producing such a carbon-supported MnOx composite as well as to a composite obtainable by the present process for producing the same and to an OER-electrode comprising the carbon-supported MnOx composite obtainable by the present process.

Abstract: A process for the production of chlorine by thermo-catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride and oxygen is described, the process comprising at least (1) a cerium oxide catalyst and (2) an adiabatic reaction cascade, containing at least two adiabatic stages connected in series with intermediate cooling, wherein the molar O2/HCl-ratio is equal or above 0.75 in any part of the cerium oxide catalyst beds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the electrolytic splitting of water using a carbon-supported manganese oxide (MnOx) composite. Specifically, the present electrolytic splitting of water is carried under neutral electrolyte conditions with a high electrolytic activity, while using an oxygen evolution reaction (OER)-electrode comprising the present carbon-supported MnOx composite. Next, the present invention relates to a process for producing such a carbon-supported MnOx composite as well as to a composite obtainable by the present process for producing the same and to an OER-electrode comprising the carbon-supported MnOx composite obtainable by the present process.

Abstract: A process for the production of chlorine by thermo-catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride gas with oxygen, in the presence of a catalyst, and separation of the chlorine from the reaction products comprising chlorine, hydrogen chloride, oxygen and water, characterized in that a) a cerium oxide is used as catalytically active component in the catalyst and b) the reaction gases are converted at the cerium oxide catalyst in one or more isothermic reaction zones, preferably in one or more tube bundle reactors, wherein the molar O2/HCl-ratio is equal or above 0.75 in any part of the cerium oxide containing reaction zones.

Abstract: A process for the production of chlorine by thermo-catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride and oxygen is described, the process comprising at least (1) a cerium oxide catalyst and (2) an adiabatic reaction cascade, containing at least two adiabatic stages connected in series with intermediate cooling, wherein the molar O2/HCl-ratio is equal or above 0.75 in any part of the cerium oxide catalyst beds.

Abstract: A catalyst for the gas phase oxidation of organic hydrocarbons comprises a multielement oxide which comprises at least one transition meal such as vanadium, wherein the catalyst has a charge transport activation energy Ec at a temperature of 375 to 425° C. of less than 0 kJ/mol. The catalyst serves for preparation of maleic anhydride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydrogenation, in particular selective hydrogenation of at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon compound comprising reacting the at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon compound with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the hydrogenation catalyst comprises a mixture of an ordered intermetallic compound and an inert material. According to another aspect, the present invention is concerned with the use of a mixture of at least one ordered intermetallic compound and at least one inert material, as a catalyst. The mixtures for use as a catalyst in the present invention can be prepared easily and achieve a superior activity in relation to the prior art, while preserving the high selectivity to the target compounds, e.g. in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydrotalcite-like compounds, wherein Pd2+ occupies at least part of the octahedral sites in the brucite-like layers. According to another aspect, the invention is concerned with methods of converting these hydrotalcite-like compounds into materials comprising particles, in particular nanoparticles, of an ordered intermetallic compound of palladium and at least one constituent metal of the palladium-modified hydrotalcites. Moreover, the invention pertains to the material obtainable by the conversion method, the use of the material as a catalyst, and a process for the selective hydrogenation of alkyne(s) to the corresponding alkene(s) using the material as a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. of acetylene to ethylene, uses a hydrogenation catalyst comprising an ordered intermetallic compound. The ordered intermetallic compound comprises at least one metal of type A capable of activating hydrogen, and at least one metal of type B not capable of activating hydrogen. The structure of the ordered intermetallic compound is such that the type A metal is mainly surrounded by atoms of the type B metal.

Abstract: CNT encapsulated carbon nanofibers (CNFs @ CNTs) having a one-dimensional structure are provided by selective assembling CNFs inside the channel of CNTs via impregnation of catalyst inside CNTs and subsequent chemical vapour deposition of hydrocarbon. The new structure is used as material for energy storage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydrogenation, in particular selective hydrogenation of at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon compound comprising reacting the at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon compound with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the hydrogenation catalyst comprises a mixture of an ordered intermetallic compound and an inert material. According to another aspect, the present invention is concerned with the use of a mixture of at least one ordered intermetallic compound and at least one inert material, as a catalyst. The mixtures for use as a catalyst in the present invention can be prepared easily and achieve a superior activity in relation to the prior art, while preserving the high selectivity to the target compounds, e.g. in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods of preparing optionally supported, ordered intermetallic palladium gallium compounds, and the corresponding, optionally supported, intermetallic palladium gallium compounds obtainable by these methods. The present invention also pertains to the use of the optionally supported ordered intermetallic palladium gallium compounds as catalysts, such as in selective hydrogenations of alkynes, in particular ethyne, to give the corresponding alkenes. The optionally supported, ordered intermetallic palladium gallium compounds were found to be highly active and selective catalysts in the above hydrogenation reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydrogenation, in particular the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds using a hydrogenation catalyst comprising an ordered intermetallic compound. The ordered intermetallic compound comprises at least one metal of type A capable of activating hydrogen, and at least one metal of type B not capable of activating hydrogen, and the structure of the ordered intermetallic compound is such that at least one king of type A metals is mainly surrounded by atoms of the metal of type B. According to another aspect, the present invention is concerned with a catalyst comprising a support and the above ordered intermetallic compound supported on the support. According to still another aspect, the invention pertains to the use of a binary Pd—Ga ordered intermetallic compound as a catalyst. The hydrogenation process and catalysts of the present invention achieve a selectivity to the target compounds, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbon-carbon composite material comprising a carbonaceous carrier and nanosize carbon structures (e.g. CNT or CNF), wherein the nanosize carbon structures are grown on the carbonaceous carrier. The carrier may be porous, as in activated carbon or consists of carbon black particles. In accordance with the invention, nanocarbon growth in the pores of porous carriers can be realized. The process for the manufacture of a this carbon-carbon-composite material comprises the steps of treating a carbonaceous carrier material with a metal-containing catalyst material, said metal being capable of forming nanosize carbon structures, and growing nanosize carbon structures by means of a CVD (chemical vapour deposition) method on the treated carrier in a gas atmosphere comprising a carbon-containing gas, followed by an optional surface modification step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for assembling carbon tube-in-tube nanostructures and the products obtained thereby.