Abstract: Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to wireless network enhancements via inductance loops as antennas. According to one aspect disclosed herein, a roadside system can measure inductance of an inductance loop associated with a road. The roadside system can determine whether the inductance of the inductance loop is greater than a baseline. If the inductance of the inductance loop is greater than the baseline, the roadside system can determine that a vehicle is positioned over the inductance loop and can utilize the inductance loop to activate a roadside area network. The roadside system can connect a user device to the roadside system via the roadside area network. The roadside system can include a connection to a network via a backhaul to enable communication between the user device and the network.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to wireless network enhancements via inductance loops as antennas. According to one aspect disclosed herein, a roadside system can measure inductance of an inductance loop associated with a road. The roadside system can determine whether the inductance of the inductance loop is greater than a baseline. If the inductance of the inductance loop is greater than the baseline, the roadside system can determine that a vehicle is positioned over the inductance loop and can utilize the inductance loop to activate a roadside area network. The roadside system can connect a user device to the roadside system via the roadside area network. The roadside system can include a connection to a network via a backhaul to enable communication between the user device and the network.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies for handling and screening incoming calls are provided. A processor executing instructions associated with a call handling service can detect that a call from a calling party is being routed, via a communication interface, to a called party device associated with a customer. The processor can obtain caller identification data that can specify an identity that is generated by the calling party and intended to be representative of the calling party when presented to the customer by the called party device. The processor can determine an interface identifier associated with the communication interface, and retrieve a call authentication scenario based on the interface identifier. The call authentication scenario can specify a storage location of data. The processor can obtain the data from the storage location, determine a call handling action, prepare a call handling command, and provide the call handling command to a network.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies for handling and screening incoming calls are provided. A processor executing instructions associated with a call handling service can detect that a call from a calling party is being routed, via a communication interface, to a called party device associated with a customer. The processor can obtain caller identification data that specifies an identity that is generated by the calling party and intended to be representative of the calling party when presented to the customer by the called party device. The processor can determine an interface identifier associated with the communication interface, and retrieve a call authentication scenario based on the interface identifier. The call authentication scenario can specify a storage location of data. The processor can obtain the data from the storage location, determine a call handling action, prepare a call handling command, and provide the call handling command to a network.

Abstract: A circuit switched switching system and method includes a plurality of matrix transposition memories. The memories permute the order of incoming and outgoing data, and thereby increase the efficiency of the switch. The switch and matrix transposition memories may be disposed in a satellite. The switch may further include batching circuits for grouping together data from a single terminal device for more efficient transmission through the switch and for more efficient error correction.

Abstract: An improved method is disclosed for the encoding phase for Wavelet-based compression of digital data representing an object or image. Subband decomposition transforms the data into hierarchical tree data. Two terms are precomputed: the highest bit-plane in which any descendant of a node v has a non-zero bit (B1(v) and the highest bit-plane in which any indirect descendant (grandchild and beyond) becomes significant (B2(v). Node traversal is initiated but its extent is limited by a fixed bit-budget. The number of bits emitted by a node as a function of the bit-plane are counted through to the last bit-plane which exhausts the bit-budget. The user can predetermine the coefficient, bit-plane and specific bit at which the algorithm will halt. The tree structure is read only once, thus greatly accelereating the encoding and reducing the memory reference rate by a factor of 2 or more.

Abstract: An improved method is disclosed for the encoding phase for Wavelet-based compression of digital data representing an object or image. Subband decomposition transforms the data into hierarchical tree data. Two terms are precomputed: the highest bit-plane in which any descendant of a node v has a non-zero bit (B1(v) and the highest bit-plane in which any indirect descendant (grandchild and beyond) becomes significant (B2(v). Node traversal is initiated but its extent is limited by a fixed bit-budget. The number of bits emitted by a node as a function of the bit-plane are counted through to the last bit-plane which exhausts the bit-budget. The user can predetermine the coefficient, bit-plane and specific bit at which the algorithm will halt. The tree structure is read only once, thus greatly accelereating the encoding and reducing the memory reference rate by a factor of 2 or more.

Abstract: A multi-stage wavelet transform of an image signal is implementing using a first processing element to perform computations for a first stage of the transform, and a second processing element operating in a time-multiplexed manner to perform computations for subsequent stages of the transform. The first processing element includes first and second adder trees for implementing horizontal and vertical filtering operations, respectively, and a set of row buffers configured such that the total number of row buffers is only one more than the number of pixels required to generate a given vertically-filtered output. In a four-stage illustrative embodiment in which the first processing element processes image pixel data at a sample rate of fs, the multi-stage processing element receives inputs from the first stage processing element at a sample rate of fs/4, and generates coefficients for the second, third and fourth stages using sample rates of fs/16, fs/64 and fs/256, respectively.

Abstract: A circuit switched switching system and method includes a plurality of matrix transposition memories. The memories permute the order of incoming and outgoing data, and thereby increase the efficiency of the switch. The switch and matrix transposition memories may be disposed in a satellite. The switch may further include batching circuits for grouping together data from a single terminal device for more efficient transmission through the switch and for more efficient error correction.

Abstract: Near-end crosstalk between identical discrete multi-tone modems is reduced by aligning the frames of all modems at a central office to each other, aligning the frames transmitted by subscribers' modems with the frames received by those modems, and including a cyclic prefix between the central office and the most distant subscriber to be served. By making adjacent DMT carrier frequencies be orthogonal to each other, the aforementioned modifications will reduce both Near End Cross-Talk and Leakage-Excited Cross-Talk. These benefits apply to modems at both the central office and subscriber ends of the communication path.

Abstract: A multi-stage wavelet transform of an image signal is implementing using a first processing element to perform computations for a first stage of the transform, and a second processing element operating in a time-multiplexed manner to perform computations for subsequent stages of the transform. The first processing element includes first and second adder trees for implementing horizontal and vertical filtering operations, respectively, and a set of row buffers configured such that the total number of row buffers is only one more than the number of pixels required to generate a given vertically-filtered output. In a four-stage illustrative embodiment in which the first processing element processes image pixel data at a sample rate of fs, the multi-stage processing element receives inputs from the first stage processing element at a sample rate of fs/4, and generates coefficients for the second, third and fourth stages using sample rates of fs/16, fs/64 and fs/256, respectively.

Abstract: Data compression achieved by set partitioning of hierarchical trees is made more efficient by a family of related traversal schemes which act upon the tree structure and the significance values derived from the tree structure. The tree structure may be traversed in any of a number of sequences. In accordance with significance tests applied to the node data, bits are produced or not. The order in which the bits are produced may be freely chosen. Trees are traversed and bits are emitted which describe the relative magnitude of coefficients in the sub-trees of the current tree-node. The manner of traversal can either be known to the remote decoder or can be derived from the incoming data stream. The encoding scheme typically specifies all bits emitted by a given node v as a function of the traversal of its parents, the bit-plane b, the coefficient value c of v, the significances B1(v) and B2(v), and whether the parent node p still emits B2(p).

Abstract: High transmission capacity in a twisted pair signal line, where power is limited by a power spectral-density mask and an aggregate signal power constraint, is obtained by: (1) allocating data to multitone sub-bands according to a lowest marginal power-cost per bit scheme and (2) in an environment where an aggregate power budget remains after all bits have been allocated to all sub-bands with sufficient margins to carry a bit, assigning additional bits to sub-bands with otherwise insufficient power margins to carry a single bit, by frequency-domain-spreading a single bit across several sub-bands at correspondingly reduced power levels, to permit the otherwise unacceptable noise levels to be reduced on average by despreading at the receiving end.

Abstract: High transmission capacity in a twisted pair signal line, where power is limited by a power spectral-density mask and an aggregate signal power constraint, is obtained by: (1) allocating data to multitone sub-bands according to a lowest marginal power-cost per bit scheme and (2) in an environment where an aggregate power budget remains after all bits have been allocated to all sub-bands with sufficient margins to carry a bit, assigning additional bits to sub-bands with otherwise insufficient power margins to carry a single bit, by frequency-domain-spreading a single bit across several sub-bands at correspondingly reduced power levels, to permit the otherwise unacceptable noise levels to be reduced on average by despreading at the receiving end.

Abstract: The present invention solves the current problem of allowing ad-hoc (manual) voice response by a user to a page received by a paging device. In one aspect of the invention, a paging device includes a digital signal processor for receiving and compressing a voice response to a page prior to transmission back to the paging party. In further aspects of the invention, the speech is first recorded and compressed and then transmitted to a wireless base station for subsequent transmission to the calling party.

Abstract: The present invention solves the current problem of allowing ad-hoc (manual) voice response by a user to a page received by a paging device. In one aspect of the invention, a paging device includes a digital signal processor for receiving and compressing a voice response to a page prior to transmission back to the paging party. In further aspects of the invention, the speech is first recorded and compressed and then transmitted to a wireless base station for subsequent transmission to the calling party.

Abstract: High transmission capacity in a twisted pair signal line, where power is limited by a power spectral-density mask and an aggregate signal power constraint, is obtained by: (1) allocating data to multitone sub-bands according to a lowest marginal power-cost per bit scheme and (2) in an environment where an aggregate power budget remains after all bits have been allocated to all sub-bands with sufficient margins to carry a bit, assigning additional bits to sub-bands with otherwise insufficient power margins to carry a single bit, by frequency-domain-spreading a single bit across several sub-bands at correspondingly reduced power levels, to permit the otherwise unacceptable noise levels to be reduced on average by despreading at the receiving end.

Abstract: This invention reduces near-end crosstalk between identical discrete multi-tone (DMT-type) modems by introducing the following modifications to modems at a central office or a subscriber premises. The modifications include: a mechanism for aligning the frames of all modems at the central office (CO), a mechanism for aligning the frames transmitted by the subscribers' modems with the frames received by those modems, and lengthening the DMT frame to include a cyclic prefix. The cyclic prefix to a frame has been made longer than twice the maximum round-trip delay, that is, the delay between the central office and the most distant subscriber to be served. By making adjacent DMT carrier frequencies be orthogonal to each other, the aforementioned modifications will reduce both Near End Cross-Talk (NEXT) and Leakage-Excited Cross-Talk (LEXT). These benefits apply to modems at both the central office (CO) and subscriber ends of the communication path (for example, a high capacity twisted-pair wire).

Abstract: High transmission capacity in a twisted pair signal line, where power is limited by a power spectral-density mask and an aggregate signal power constraint, is obtained by: (1) allocating data to multitone sub-bands according to a lowest marginal power-cost per bit scheme and (2) in an environment where an aggregate power budget remains after all bits have been allocated to all sub-bands with sufficient margins to carry a bit, assigning additional bits to sub-bands with otherwise insufficient power margins to carry a single bit, by frequency-domain-spreading a single bit across several sub-bands at correspondingly reduced power levels, to permit the otherwise unacceptable noise levels to be reduced on average by despreading at the receiving end.

Abstract: A method for broadband transmissions through metallic wire in an interference-laden environment. Wideband communication through a wire is achieved in the presence of other wideband signals in the wire or in adjacent wires by applying a modulation schema to the wideband communication signal that forms a signal which is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to all other signals that are present in the wire, whether directly applied or electromagnetically induced. In accordance with one illustrated embodiment, a CDMA code is applied to the wideband signal that is to be communicated through a given wire, and the code that is employed is orthogonal to the CDMA codes that are applied to other signals that flow through the wire or through other wires which are in the neighborhood of the given wire.