Abstract: A method of providing a digital reward involves providing products with an attached digital memory. One digital content part from a set of digital content parties is downloaded to the digital memory of each such product. The digital content parts of the set together define the digital reward. The digital content parts of a set uploaded to a computing device are used by an application to make the digital reward available to a user of the computing device. The products may be collectable cards or game cards, or any consumer products.

Abstract: A standalone memory device is provided that when in a first state allows data to be written to the device from a data source but prevents a normal user from useably accessing that data. When in a second state the device enables the user to useably access data stored in the device. The device is arranged to implement a prohibition or restriction on re-entry to its first state after having left it. In preferred embodiments, the device limits the number of times or the frequency at which, it re-enters its first state, whereby to limit the amount or rate of transfer of data via the memory device from the data source to a data recipient. The device can be used to limit content download from data sources at an exhibition. A system and method using the device are also provided.

Abstract: A physical object is provided that comprises a base medium, such as a paper sheet, and multiple memory tags embedded in it or attached to it. At least one of the memory tags stores location data concerning a location relationship between the object and one or more of the tags. The location data can comprise, for example, tag-location data giving the location in or on the object of the or each tag concerned, or area-of-responsibility data indicating the area of the object's surface for which the or each tag concerned has responsibility in terms of storing related data items such as print data items. Apparatus is provided for writing the location data; apparatus is also provided for subsequently using and displaying the location data particularly for facilitating access to data items stored by the tags.

Abstract: A physical object is provided that comprises a base medium, such as a paper sheet, and a memory tag embedded in it or attached to it. The memory tag stores at least one measure/location data pair comprising a measurement of a location-dependent characteristic of the base medium originally associated with the tag, and a location in or on the object where the measurement was made. Preferably the measure/location data pair is digitally signed and stored in encrypted form. By checking whether the measure included in the stored data pair matches a current measure of the base medium at the indicated location, it is possible to check whether the base medium is the original medium. Apparatus is provided for originally writing the data pair to the memory tag; apparatus is also provided for subsequently using the data pair for carrying out the checking operation.

Abstract: A physical object is provided that comprises a base medium, such as a paper sheet, and a memory tag embedded in it or attached to it. The memory tag stores at least one data item and location data relating each of one or more areas on the object's surface to a corresponding data item. Preferably, the data item or items stored by the tag comprise a print data item representing an item printed on the object, and/or a meta data item representing an instruction, or data to be output, in response to user selection of the corresponding area on the object's surface. Apparatus is provided for writing the data items and location data to the memory tag; apparatus is also provided for subsequently using the location data for interpreting user selections made by indicating positions on the object.