Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed herein are to identify encoded information present in audio obtained for a time period. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a signature of the audio for comparison with signatures of reference media. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a first determination that a media presentation device was in an off state during a first portion of the time period based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller to collect the audio. Disclosed example apparatus are also to override the first determination that the media presentation device was in the off state during the first portion of the time period with a second determination that the media presentation device was in an on state during the first portion of the time period, the second determination based on at least one of the encoded information or the signature.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed herein are to identify encoded information present in audio obtained for a time period. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a signature of the audio for comparison with signatures of reference media. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a first determination that a media presentation device was in an off state during a first portion of the time period based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller to collect the audio. Disclosed example apparatus are also to override the first determination that the media presentation device was in the off state during the first portion of the time period with a second determination that the media presentation device was in an on state during the first portion of the time period, the second determination based on at least one of the encoded information or the signature.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed herein are to identify encoded information present in audio obtained for a time period. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a signature of the audio for comparison with signatures of reference media. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a first determination that a media presentation device was in an off state during a first portion of the time period based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller to collect the audio. Disclosed example apparatus are also to override the first determination that the media presentation device was in the off state during the first portion of the time period with a second determination that the media presentation device was in an on state during the first portion of the time period, the second determination based on at least one of the encoded information or the signature.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed herein are to identify encoded information present in audio obtained for a time period. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a signature of the audio for comparison with signatures of reference media. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a first determination that a media presentation device was in an off state during a first portion of the time period based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller to collect the audio. Disclosed example apparatus are also to override the first determination that the media presentation device was in the off state during the first portion of the time period with a second determination that the media presentation device was in an on state during the first portion of the time period, the second determination based on at least one of the encoded information or the signature.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed include means for detecting encoded information present in audio obtained from a media presentation device, means for generating a signature of the audio, and means for determining an on/off state of the media presentation device based on a gain level, the means for determining to determine the on/off state based on the encoded information detected in the audio or the signature generated from the audio. Disclosed example apparatus also include means for crediting a portion of the audio to first media based on the encoded information or the signature, the means for crediting to credit the audio by overriding (i) a first determination that the media presentation device was in the off state during collection of the audio with (ii) a second determination that the media presentation device was in the on state based on the collection of the audio.

Abstract: Example apparatus disclosed include means for detecting encoded information present in audio obtained from a media presentation device, means for generating a signature of the audio, and means for determining an on/off state of the media presentation device based on a gain level, the means for determining to determine the on/off state based on the encoded information detected in the audio or the signature generated from the audio. Disclosed example apparatus also include means for crediting a portion of the audio to first media based on the encoded information or the signature, the means for crediting to credit the audio by overriding (i) a first determination that the media presentation device was in the off state during collection of the audio with (ii) a second determination that the media presentation device was in the on state based on the collection of the audio.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed include means for computing a signature from audio obtained from a media device, means for determining an on/off state of the media device based on a gain level, means for crediting the media device with presenting media when (1) the signature matches at least one of a set of reference signatures and the on/off state determined for the media device is an on state, and (2) when the signature matches at least one of the set of reference signatures and the on/off state determined for the media device is an off state, the means for crediting to not credit the media device with presenting the media when (3) the signature does not match at least one of the set of reference signatures and the on/off state determined for the media device is the off state.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed include means for computing a signature from audio obtained from a media device, means for determining an on/off state of the media device based on a gain level, means for crediting the media device with presenting media when (1) the signature matches at least one of a set of reference signatures and the on/off state determined for the media device is an on state, and (2) when the signature matches at least one of the set of reference signatures and the on/off state determined for the media device is an off state, the means for crediting to not credit the media device with presenting the media when (3) the signature does not match at least one of the set of reference signatures and the on/off state determined for the media device is the off state.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed include a signal generator to compute a signature from audio obtained from a media device during a time period, and an on/off detector to determine an on/off state of the media device based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller during collection of the audio. Disclosed apparatus also include a location creditor to credit the media device with presenting media during the time period when the signature matches at least one of a set of reference signatures and the on/off state is determined as the on state or as the off state, the location creditor not to credit the media device with presenting the media when the signature does not match at least one of the set of reference signatures and the on/off state is determined as the off state.

Abstract: This invention relates to a tire processing apparatus for processing large used tires as are found from industrial mining applications. The present invention relates particularly to a tire processing apparatus comprising a head that is operable to move about two or more axes at a first end of a swing arm, the head further having a rasp operable to strip rubber particles from a stationary tire for use of the particles as a landscaping mulch. In various embodiments, the apparatus also comprises a head with a circular saw operable to cut a portion of the tire into a livestock trough. The invention also includes a method using the above. The system and method in its various embodiments are particularly adept at processing used tires from mining industry applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to a tire processing apparatus for processing large used tires as are found from industrial mining applications. The present invention relates particularly to a tire processing apparatus comprising a head that is operable to move about two or more axes at a first end of a swing arm, the head further having a rasp operable to strip rubber particles from a stationary tire for use of the particles as a landscaping mulch. In various embodiments, the apparatus also comprises a head with a circular saw operable to cut a portion of the tire into a livestock trough. The invention also includes a method using the above. The system and method in its various embodiments are particularly adept at processing used tires from mining industry applications.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. An example method includes detecting whether encoded information is present in audio obtained from a media device during a time period. Determining an on/off state of the media device based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller during collection of the audio. Crediting the media device with presenting media during the time period when the encoded information is detected irrespective of the on/off state determined for the media device, and not crediting the media device with presenting the media during the time period when the encoded information is not detected and the on/off state determined for the media device is an off state.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. An example method includes detecting whether encoded information is present in audio obtained from a media device during a time period. Determining an on/off state of the media device based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller during collection of the audio. Crediting the media device with presenting media during the time period when the encoded information is detected irrespective of the on/off state determined for the media device, and not crediting the media device with presenting the media during the time period when the encoded information is not detected and the on/off state determined for the media device is an off state.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. An example method includes obtaining ambient audio of a location including a media presentation device during a time period, detecting encoded information present in the ambient audio, crediting a first portion of the time period for the media presentation device to first media based on the encoded information, determining an on/off state of the media presentation device for a second portion of the time period different than the first portion based on the ambient audio, and crediting the second portion of the time period based on the on/off state of the media presentation device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. An example method includes detecting whether encoded information is present in audio obtained from a media device during a time period. Determining an on/off state of the media device based on a gain level applied by an automatic gain controller during collection of the audio. Crediting the media device with presenting media during the time period when the encoded information is detected irrespective of the on/off state determined for the media device, and not crediting the media device with presenting the media during the time period when the encoded information is not detected and the on/off state determined for the media device is an off state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of making nanoarrays for use in detecting species formed on the surface of the array using SE(R)RS. The methods can involve nanolithographic printing of a compound by dip pen nanolithographic printing. A SE(R)RS substrate can be used for the array and which can be selected from surfaces roughened by the oxidation-reduction cycle (ORC), island films, colloidal nanoparticles and surface-confined nanostructures. A coating or intermediate layer, such as a layer formed of nitrocellulose, can be provided between the compound and the SE(R)RS substrate. There are also provided arrays themselves and methods of using such arrays.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for crediting a media presentation device are disclosed. An example method includes obtaining ambient audio of a location including a media presentation device during a time period, detecting encoded information present in the ambient audio, crediting a first portion of the time period for the media presentation device to first media based on the encoded information, determining an on/off state of the media presentation device for a second portion of the time period different than the first portion based on the ambient audio, and crediting the second portion of the time period based on the on/off state of the media presentation device.

Abstract: Nanopatterned surfaces which provide for improved cell growth including improved stem cell differentiation. The patterned surfaces can comprise an array of fields of biologically active moieties and can be controlled by parameters which include the pitch between the fields and the size of the fields. Nanopatterning can be carried out with use of dip pen nanolithographic printing, microcontact printing, and nanoimprint lithography.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of making nanoarrays for use in detecting species formed on the surface of the array using SE(R)RS. The methods can involve nanolithographic printing of a compound by dip pen nanolithographic printing. A SE(R)RS substrate can be used for the array and which can be selected from surfaces roughened by the oxidation-reduction cycle (ORC), island films, colloidal nanoparticles and surface-confined nanostructures. A coating or intermediate layer, such as a layer formed of nitrocellulose, can be provided between the compound and the SE(R)RS substrate. There are also provided arrays themselves and methods of using such arrays.

Abstract: A warning device, comprising a top portion, and a plurality of sides extending from the top portion that are joined to one another to collectively form an interior void. A fan is positioned within the device for diverting air through the interior void, and at least one collar located within the interior void for engaging the top portion of a like device, wherein substantially all of the interior void is filled by the like device, forming a nested arrangement.