Abstract: A test fixture for a testing a vehicle seat mounting includes a first portion and a second portion separate from the first portion and having a fulcrum supported thereon. An energy absorbing member is attached to the test fixture first portion and extends around a portion of the fulcrum. The energy absorbing member is formed so as to have a first shape when the test fixture first portion and second portion are spaced apart less than a predetermined distance. The test fixture is structured so that movement of the second portion in a direction away from the first portion causes the fulcrum to slide along the energy absorbing member. Sliding of the fulcrum along the energy absorbing member plastically deforms the energy absorbing member into a second shape different from the first shape.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of natural gas in a compact steam boiler having output steam delivery controlled by predetermined outlet steam pressure. The compact boiler employs a small high heat release combustor discharging into a forced draft convective heat exchange section. In operation, the compact boiler is completely and automatically self-operating, employing flue gas recirculation (FGR) wherein the FGR is admitted into the burner combustion air through a valve controlled by boiler flue gas NOX content. A novel bell mouthed flue gas scoop is utilized in the boiler stack upstream of the NOX sensor. In an alternate combustion chamber design, a cylindrical water wall coil surrounds the combustion process, increasing boiler efficiency through the inherent large temperature difference between the coil and the combustion in process, along with reducing the combustion temperature and further reducing the NOX content of combustion products.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing the NOX levels in stack emissions of compact boilers and fluid heaters through selective injection of exhaust flue gases into the combustion process. Flue gas injection into the primary and secondary air of the burner along with flue gas injection directly into the combustion process is utilized. Injection of generated steam obtained from various components of a compact boiler, selectively injected into the combustion process is also provided.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing the NOX levels in stack emissions of compact boilers and fluid heaters through selective injection of exhaust flue gases into the combustion process. Flue gas injection into the primary and secondary air of the burner along with flue gas injection directly into the combustion process is utilized. Injection of generated steam from a compact boiler, selectively injected into the combustion process is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of natural gas in a compact steam boiler having output steam delivery controlled by predetermined outlet steam pressure. The compact boiler employs a small high heat release combustor discharging into a forced draft convective heat exchange section. In operation, the compact boiler is completely and automatically self-operating, employing flue gas recirculation (FGR) wherein the FGR is admitted into the burner combustion air through a valve controlled by boiler flue gas NOX content. A novel bell mouthed flue gas scoop is utilized in the boiler stack upstream of the NOX sensor. In an alternate combustion chamber design, a cylindrical water wall coil surrounds the combustion process, increasing boiler efficiency through the inherent large temperature difference between the coil and the combustion in process, along with reducing the combustion temperature and further reducing the NOX content of combustion products.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing the NOX levels in stack emissions of compact boilers and fluid heaters through selective injection of exhaust flue gases into the combustion process. Flue gas injection into the primary and secondary air of the burner along with flue gas injection directly into the combustion process is utilized. Injection of generated steam from a compact boiler, selectively injected into the combustion process is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of natural gas in a compact steam boiler having output steam delivery controlled by predetermined outlet steam pressure. The compact boiler employs a small high heat release combustor discharging into a forced draft convective heat exchange section. In operation, the compact boiler is completely and automatically self-operating, employing flue gas recirculation (FGR) wherein the FGR is admitted into the burner combustion air through a valve controlled by boiler flue gas NOX content. A novel bell mouthed flue gas scoop is utilized in the boiler stack upstream of the NOX sensor. In an alternate combustion chamber design, a cylindrical water wall coil surrounds the combustion process, increasing boiler efficiency through the inherent large temperature difference between the coil and the combustion in process, along with reducing the combustion temperature and further reducing the NOX content of combustion products.

Abstract: A seal for an access door (44) mounted on a combustion chamber of a fluid heater includes a gasket pad (56) that is sealed to the interior surface of the door (52) by adhesive material. The gasket pad is secured to the door by first applying adhesive material to the interior surface of the door and the gasket pad. Thereafter, the gasket pad is attached to the coated area on the door covered by adhesive material.

Abstract: A boiler includes a high intensity combustor mounted in a shell that defines the boiler housing. A coil bank is mounted in the boiler and spaced from the combustor. A fire pot is positioned in the combustor and defines a combustion chamber with a combustion throat at one end and a choke at a second end between the combustion chamber and the coil bank. The choke is formed of refractory material and includes uniformly distributed steel fibers that conduct heat across the choke from the hot side adjacent the combustion chamber to the cooler side adjacent the coil bank. The steel fibers substantially reduce the thermal gradient in the choke and improve boiler efficiency.

Abstract: A seal for an access door (44) mounted on a combustion chamber of a fluid heater includes a gasket pad (56) that is sealed to the interior surface of the door (52) by adhesive material. The gasket pad is secured to the door by first applying adhesive material to the interior surface of the door and the gasket pad. Thereafter, the gasket pad is attached to the coated area on the door covered by adhesive material.

Abstract: A hot water generator capable of producing a maximum rate of water temperature increase without generation of vapors including a heat exchanger in the form of an annularly shaped helical coil through which the water to be heated is pumped and which is connected to a piping system including a load and a combustor for rapidly providing increased combustion which is controlled in response to the temperature of the water at the outlet of the coil so that the heater can produce a maximum rate of water temperature rise without causing boiling and generating vapors in the coil. The method concerns the shock testing of piping components by producing nearly theoretical maximum heat flux rate very quickly.