Abstract: Azetidine compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar represents a para-tolyl group and X represents a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group or a hydroxymethyl group; their preparation from pentaerythritol via compounds of formula ##STR2## wherein Hal represents chlorine, bromine or iodine, Y represents oxygen or ##STR3## and Z represents Hal or OH, together with their use as intermediates in the preparation of 3-carboxyazetidine; also the compounds of formula ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Azetidine compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar represents a para-tolyl group and X represents a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group or a hydroxymethyl group; their preparation from pentaerythritol via compounds of formula ##STR2## or two hydroxyl groups and Z represents Hal or OH, together with their use as intermediates in the preparation of 3-carboxyazetidine; also the compounds of formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 both represent hydrogen, or together represent ##STR4## The compounds are intermediates for a known chemical hybridizing agent.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a (cyclo) alkyl group, R.sup.3 represents H, CH.sub.3, or OCH.sub.3, n=0 or 1, and when n=0, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom and R.sup.1 a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent thereby forming an alkoxide, ether, ester, or other alcohol derivative, and when n=1, each R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents one of the atoms specified for R.sup.1 when n=0, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together represent a bivalent group thereby forming a cyclic ether, ester, or other diol derivative, have useful herbicidal properties.

Abstract: Nitrophenylalkanols are prepared by hydroxyalkylation of nitrotoluene(s) by the reaction with an aldehyde in the presence of a solid catalyst prepared by depositing an alkali metal compound on an alumina support.

Abstract: An aniline is alkylated on the ring by treating it with an alkylating agent, preferably an alkyl chloride, in the liquid phase, and in the presence of at least 1.02 mole of an aluminum halide per mole of the aniline.

Abstract: 3-Phenoxytoluene is selectively chlorinated at the methyl moiety by treating it with sulfuryl chloride in the presence of a free-radical initiator in a specified manner under specified conditions.