Abstract: A low-melting point, heat transfer fluid comprising a mixture of LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3, NaNO2 and KNO2 salts where the Li, Na and K cations are present in amounts of about 20-33.5 mol % Li, about 18.6-40 mol % Na, and about 40-50.3 mol % K and where the nitrate and nitrite anions are present in amounts of about 36-50 mol % NO3, and about 50-62.5 mol % NO2. These compositions can have liquidus temperatures between 70° C. and 80° C. for some compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organo-neutralized calcined kaolins comprising calcined kaolin treated with at least one basic organic compound, a composition comprising the organo-neutralized calcined, and use of the organo-neutralized calcined kaolin in silicone rubber formulations. Further disclosed herein are a method of making the organo-neutralized calcined kaolin and a method of making a silicone rubber formulation comprising the organo-neutralized calcined kaolin.

Abstract: A low-melting point, heat transfer fluid made of a mixture of five inorganic salts including about 29.1-33.5 mol % LiNO3, 0-3.9 mol % NaNO3, 2.4-8.2 mol % KNO3, 18.6-19.9 mol % NaNO2, and 40-45.6 mol % KNO2. These compositions can have liquidus temperatures below 80° C. for some compositions.

Abstract: A low-melting point, heat transfer fluid made of a mixture of four inorganic nitrate salts: 9-18 wt % NaNO3, 40-52 wt % KNO3, 13-21 wt % LiNO3, and 20-27 wt % Ca(NO3)2. These compositions can have liquidus temperatures less than 100 C; thermal stability limits greater than 500 C; and viscosity in the range of 5-6 cP at 300 C; and 2-3 cP at 400 C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method that achieves water desalination by utilizing and optimizing clathrate hydrate phenomena. Clathrate hydrates are crystalline compounds of gas and water that desalinate water by excluding salt molecules during crystallization. Contacting a hydrate forming gaseous species with water will spontaneously form hydrates at specific temperatures and pressures through the extraction of water molecules from the bulk phase followed by crystallite nucleation. Subsequent dissociation of pure hydrates yields fresh water and, if operated correctly, allows the hydrate-forming gas to be efficiently recycled into the process stream.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organo-neutralized calcined kaolin comprising calcined kaolin treated with at least one basic organic compound, a composition' comprising the organo-neutralized calcined, and use of the organo-neutralized calcined kaolin in silicone rubber formulation. Further disclosed herein are a method of making the organo-neutralized calcined kaolin and a method of making a silicone rubber formulation comprising the organo-neutralized calcined kaolin.

Abstract: A process for beneficiating a poor grade crude kaloinitic clay mineral to produce a clay filler for use in papermaking to improve the brightness of the paper product. The crude kaolin clay is blunged with water containing a dispersing agent to form a high solids fluid aqueous clay suspension. This clay suspension is then screened and fractionated to reduce the particle size thereof to 92-95% finer than 2 microns. The fractionated clay suspension is treated with an alkaline leaching solution containing a reducing agent effective in converting ferric ions to ferrous ions and, preferably, a water-soluble anionic phosphate. The leached clay suspension, which has a solids content of at least 55%, is then treated with an oxidizing agent to oxidize unreacted leaching agent and byproducts formed during the leaching process.

Abstract: A method for producing kaolin pigments of improved coated brightness and opacity is provided in which kaolin is degritted, heated to the level of substantially minimum brightness and then leached. The kaolin may be comminuted before treatment, after heating or after leaching to control particle size distribution.

Abstract: A reinforcing pigment for elastomeric materials is provided in the form of kaolin treated with an organic acid containing functional groups such as -NH.sub.2, -SO.sub.3 H and -SH.