Abstract: A laser crystal (25) having a relatively short optical length functions as a seed laser (1) and simultaneously establishes the wide separation between longitudinal modes. Pulsed operation causes multiple longitudinal modes to co-exist before competition acts to extinguish modes. The seed laser (1) is isolated from the relatively higher peak power output beam (4). Further, the injection seeded slave resonator (6) optical cavity length is adjusted by mechanical, electromechanical and/or electro-optical component(s) to harmonize the slave resonator optical cavity to the seed laser (1) optical cavity. A number of widely separated longitudinal modes are simultaneously output as a pulsed, high optical quality beam having a broad frequency range, short temporal coherence, and stable simultaneous operation of the several modes.

Abstract: A laser pump cavity apparatus with integral concentrator provides improved thermal lensing control, cooling and fracture strength. The concentrator is formed around a doped solid-state laser medium by diffusion bonding, using a material different than the doped laser medium and with a substantially lower index of refraction, higher thermal conductivity and higher stress fracture strength than the doped laser crystal. The concentrator has a top cladding layer with a cylindrical focusing surface and a bottom cladding layer with a cylindrical focusing surface and may have edge cladding layers. Cold plates, each of which also has one cylindrical surface, are placed in thermal contact with the cylindrical surfaces of the top and bottom cladding layers. The cylindrical surfaces preferably have hyperbolic or quasi-hyperbolic shape. The laser pump cavity apparatus is preferably pumped with several laser diode arrays in directions transverse to a laser beam axis.

Abstract: According to the present invention, light is provided to an elliptical optical surface (102) separating first and second homogeneous optical media (104), (106) that cause collimated light (108) originating in one of the media to be perfectly focussed either at a primary focus within the second medium or at a virtual focus within the first medium (110). For example, a collimated beam (510) is expanded by refraction in an immersion refractive confocal ellipsoid optic (502) having an input optical surface (504) and output optical surface (506). Further, the elliptical optical surface is used in combination with a second optical surface such that both surfaces share a common optic axis and are separated by an optically transmissive medium such as glass and spaced such that the optical focal points of both surfaces are common to create an immersion optical beam expander.

Abstract: A laser pump cavity assembly having a laser rod with a ground outer surface positioned concentrically within an annular jet sleeve which is, in turn, positioned concentrically within an annular outer sleeve. The outer sleeve is coated with a dielectric coating having slits therein arranged to receive focused optical pump radiation from respective laser diode arrays, the pump radiation being transmitted through the outer sleeve and jet sleeve to excite the laser rod. The jet sleeve is positioned to define cooling fluid chambers between the outer sleeve and the jet sleeve, and between the jet sleeve and the laser rod, and is provided with a series of jet holes for directing cooling fluid to impinge perpendicularly on the laser rod. The end faces of the jet sleeve and outer sleeve are further coated with dielectric material to enhance the efficiency of the device. The cooperating end caps which mount the outer sleeve, jet sleeve, and laser rod employ a number of advantageous self-aligning and sealing features.

Abstract: A laser structure that reduces thermally-induced mounting stress on low fracture strength solid-state laser rods. A transparent sleeve of relatively high strength optical material that has relatively high thermal conductivity is provided around the laser rod, and a thin layer of elastomer is provided between the laser material and the transparent sleeve. This arrangement of laser material, transparent sleeve, and elastomer allows sealing of a cooling fluid flow channel disposed around the laser/sleeve assembly using conventional means without applying stress directly to the laser rod material. This reduces the risk of fracturing the laser rod material due to thermal expansion near the seal and allows the laser to be operated at higher average power levels. The elastomer layer and high thermal conductivity sleeve efficiently conduct heat from the laser rod to the surrounding cooling liquid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing a laser beam that is automatically aligned with a substantially rigid, stabilized platform or frame that can be oriented over a wide angular range, such as by the gimbals of a laser pointing and tracking system. A single-transverse-mode master laser oscillator 12 is mounted on the stabilized platform 13 which is part of the inner gimbal, which can be rotated about an elevation axis 16, and a multipass laser amplifier 21 with a phase conjugation mirror 22 and an optional nonlinear frequency-conversion device 20 are located off the inner gimbal. An outer gimbal or pedestal mount permits rotation about an azimuthal axis 17. The laser oscillator 12 and laser amplifier 21 are coupled by means of a beamsplitter 15 and two reflecting elements 18 and 19. The laser media used for the oscillator 12 and amplifier 21 are either the same, or compatible media having the same wavelength.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing a laser beam that is automatically aligned with a substantially rigid, stabilized platform or frame that can be oriented over a wide angular range, such as by the gimbals of a laser pointing and tracking system. A single-transverse-mode master laser oscillator 12 is mounted on the stabilized platform 13 which is part of the inner gimbal, which can be rotated about an elevation axis 16, and a multipass laser amplifier 21 wiht a phase conjugation mirror 22 and an optional nonlinear frequency-conversion device 20 are located off the inner gimbal. An outer gimbal or pedestal mount permits rotation about an azimuthal axis 17. The laser oscillator 12 and laser amplifier 21 are coupled by means of a beamsplitter 15 and two reflecting elements 18 and 19. The laser media used for the oscillator 12 and amplifier 21 are either the same, or compatible media having the same wavelength.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing a self-aligning phase conjugate laser beam that is automatically boresighted with an active or passive tracking sensor. A single-transverse-mode laser oscillator 12 and a tracking sensor 14 are mounted on opposite sides of an output coupling beamsplitter 15, all attached to a stabilized platform 13 which is part of the inner gimbal of a pointing and tracking system. A multipass laser amplifier 21 with a phase conjugation mirror 22 and an optional nonlinear frequency-conversion device 20 are located off the inner gimbal. The inner gimbal allows rotation of the stabilized platform about an elevation axis 16, and an outer gimbal or pedestal mount permits rotation about an azimuthal axis 17.

Abstract: A pair of rotating gimbals (12, 14) independently nutate and precess the line-of-sight (24) of a sensor (22) to generate a rosette pattern (26).