Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes at least one photovoltaic cell and a DC/DC converter electrically coupled to the at least one photovoltaic cell. The at least one photovoltaic cell and the DC/DC converter are integrated into a photovoltaic package.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes at least one photovoltaic cell and a DC/DC converter electrically coupled to the at least one photovoltaic cell. The at least one photovoltaic cell and the DC/DC converter are integrated into a photovoltaic package.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes at least one photovoltaic cell and a DC/DC converter electrically coupled to the at least one photovoltaic cell. The at least one photovoltaic cell and the DC/DC converter are integrated into a photovoltaic package.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes at least one photovoltaic cell and a DC/DC converter electrically coupled to the at least one photovoltaic cell. The at least one photovoltaic cell and the DC/DC converter are integrated into a photovoltaic package.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes at least one photovoltaic cell and a DC/DC converter electrically coupled to the at least one photovoltaic cell. The at least one photovoltaic cell and the DC/DC converter are integrated into a photovoltaic package.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device including at least one photovoltaic cell and a transformerless inverter electrically coupled to the at least one photovoltaic cell. The at least one photovoltaic cell and the transformerless inverter are integrated into a photovoltaic package.

Abstract: An improvement in a method of producing an ORI control additive which is the reaction product of a polybutenyl succinic anhydride and a polyoxyalkylene diamine, wherein the improvement comprises reacting solvent free the anhydride and diamine at an increased temperature and monitoring the absorbancy of the reaction product to determine the degree of reaction completion.

Abstract: In an overbased sulfonate process calcium hydroxide is formed in situ. The entire water charge and 30 to 50% of the calcium oxide is added. The temperature exotherm is observed. When the temperature ceases to rise, the remaining calcium hydroxide is added with temperature adjustment and carbonation is begun.

Abstract: A process for producing an overbased oil soluble calcium sulfonate having a TBN of 325, said process comprising:(a) diluting a neutral calcium sulfonate with a hydrocarbon solvent and a lower alkanol;(b) adding to the diluted calcium sulfonate solution, CaO, Ca(OH).sub.2 and H.sub.2 O in molar ratios of CaO:Ca(OH).sub.2 of about 90:10 to about 20:80 and of H.sub.2 O:CaO of about 0.15:1 to about 0.30:1;(c) heating the sulfonate mixture to a temperature ranging from about 100.degree. F. to about 170.degree. F. under a pressure ranging from about 0 to about 50 psig;(d) passing CO.sub.2 into the heated sulfonate mixture for a period of about 50 to about 200 minutes;(e) adding a diluent oil to the CO.sub.2 treated sulfonate mixture;(f) separating the solids from the liquid of the sulfonate mixture; and(g) stripping the hydrocarbon solvent from the resulting over-based oil soluble sulfonate product having TBN of 325.

Abstract: A nonlinear resonant switch for power conversion devices and a converter using the switch are described. The switch optimizes converter efficiency by switching only when current is zero and by limiting the peak current to a value near that provided by conventional PWM converters. A nonlinear reactor having a winding in series with the switch and a tank circuit is biased to saturation at low currents but is driven into an unsaturated condition by high currents so that a resultant high series inductance mitigates further current increase. Several converter topologies incorporating this improvement are shown.

Abstract: A disk drive for one or more spinning disks has a voice coil motor, driving the transducer carriage and controlled by two feedback loops, respectively, for hold and seek modes and enabled by a microcomputer which is additionally inserted into the seek mode feedback loop. The microcomputer receives step pulses from a controller host as well as detent pulses through a path of that seek loop; the pulses serve as interrupts and the microcomputer selects digital speed signals on the basis of step and detect pulse counts. An a/d converter inserts that signal as command into the seek loop.

Abstract: The disc file system being improved includes a motor driven transducer carriage for positioning the transducer in selected cylinder positions. A command unit issues step pulses and the carriage provides detent pulses respectively representing the number of tracks (cylinders) to be and being crossed when the carriage is caused to move and moves from one cylinder position to another one. These pulses are processed so that overlap is avoided in that following the trailing edge of each step or detent pulse, a process pulse, is produced either with or without delay depending on the need to avoid conflict. The process pulses to be produced are up an down counted for tracking actual carriage movement, and the total count is zero when the carriage has arrived at the desired position.