Abstract: Heating devices and methods for mitigating heating device pollution are generally described. In an example embodiment, a heating device includes a primary combustion chamber for combustion of a fuel. A first and a second secondary combustion chamber are in fluid communication with the primary combustion chamber for receiving an exhaust flow of combustion products from the primary combustion chamber and are configured for combustion of one or more combustion products received from the primary combustion chamber. The first and second secondary combustion chambers may provide parallel fluid paths from the primary combustion chamber. A secondary combustion selector is provided for selectively allowing the exhaust flow through the first and second secondary combustion chambers.

Abstract: Heating devices and methods for mitigating heating device pollution are generally described. In an example embodiment, a heating device includes a primary combustion chamber for combustion of a fuel. A first and a second secondary combustion chamber are in fluid communication with the primary combustion chamber for receiving an exhaust flow of combustion products from the primary combustion chamber and are configured for combustion of one or more combustion products received from the primary combustion chamber. The first and second secondary combustion chambers may provide parallel fluid paths from the primary combustion chamber. A secondary combustion selector is provided for selectively allowing the exhaust flow through the first and second secondary combustion chambers.

Abstract: A fireplace system having a fireplace cavity and a secondary combustion assembly disposed adjacent to a rear wall of the fireplace cavity. The secondary combustion assembly includes a plurality of combustion chambers configured to facilitate secondary combustion. A plurality of inlets are disposed in the rear wall of the fireplace cavity. One or more of the plurality of inlets are configured to provide fluid communication between the fireplace cavity and a respective one of the plurality of combustion chambers. An exhaust gas collection chamber is in fluid communication with at least the secondary combustion assembly. The exhaust gas collection chamber includes a vent configured to release exhaust gas into a chimney. An ambient air bypass aperture is disposed in a top baffle of the fireplace cavity. The ambient air bypass aperture is configured to divert at least a portion of ambient air entering the fireplace cavity into the exhaust gas collection chamber.

Abstract: A fireplace system having a fireplace cavity and a secondary combustion assembly disposed adjacent to a rear wall of the fireplace cavity. The secondary combustion assembly includes a plurality of combustion chambers configured to facilitate secondary combustion. A plurality of inlets are disposed in the rear wall of the fireplace cavity. One or more of the plurality of inlets are configured to provide fluid communication between the fireplace cavity and a respective one of the plurality of combustion chambers. An exhaust gas collection chamber is in fluid communication with at least the secondary combustion assembly. The exhaust gas collection chamber includes a vent configured to release exhaust gas into a chimney. An ambient air bypass aperture is disposed in a top baffle of the fireplace cavity. The ambient air bypass aperture is configured to divert at least a portion of ambient air entering the fireplace cavity into the exhaust gas collection chamber.

Abstract: Agglomerated nanoparticles including Ti/Sb mixed oxide nanoparticles having a rutile-like crystalline phase content of at least 20 weight percent, wherein the nanoparticles have at least one organic moiety bound to the nanoparticle surface, and wherein the weight ratio of antimony to titanium in the Ti/Sb mixed oxide nanoparticles is in a range of from at least 0.42 up to and including 2.93. The agglomerated nanoparticles are redispersible into a liguid vehicle.

Abstract: Nanometer-sized particles comprise a mixed oxide of titanium and antimony and are characterized by rutile-like crystal phases. The particles are easily prepared by hydrothemal processing, and may be used as colloids, or in various compositions and articles.

Abstract: Nanometer-sized particles comprise a mixed oxide of titanium and antimony and are characterized by rutile-like crystal phases. The particles are easily prepared by hydrothemal processing, and may be used as colloids, or in various compositions and articles.

Abstract: Described herein is a continuous process for polymerizing 1-alkenes. In this process, which operates free of any hydrogen control feed, the resultant polymer has an inherent viscosity that is closely centered around a predetermined targeted value. If desired, the targeted value can be changed while the process is being performed. The process is carried out in a reactor that allows for essentially plug flow of material passing therethrough. Additionally, the temperature profile of the reactor is controllable.

Abstract: A solid fuel burning stove includes a firebox having front side and rear walls, a top and a bottom, and a secondary combustion unit formed from high temperature insulative refractive material mounted on the top and rear wall of the firebox. The unit is connected to the firebox by a mouth located in the rear wall adjacent the floor of the firebox and by a perforated plate on the firebox top wall. A vertical combustion passage extends from the mouth up to a mixing and combustion chamber located in the unit above the top wall of the firebox. The secondary combustion unit efficiently burns secondary combustion gases flowing into the unit through the mouth and plate during different stages of burning solid fuel, particularly wood.

Abstract: A gas log fireplace includes a firebox which defines a combustion chamber, a gas burner located within the firebox, an artificial log set, a log support member positioned on the gas burner, a heat exchanger connected to an exhaust gas outlet of the firebox and a convection chamber which surrounds the firebox and the heat exchanger for heating of room air. The gas burner is fabricated of a refractory fiber material. A combustible gas and primary air are mixed in a Venturi inlet tube of the gas burner. Highly aerated gas flows through front ports and top ports in the gas burner. Secondary air is directed to the front ports and the top ports to obtain highly efficient combustion and high heat output. The artificial log set, the support member and the gas burner define a partially enclosed cavity which is maintained at a high temperature during operation by reradiation from the artificial logs, the support member and the gas burner.

Abstract: A solid fuel burning space heating appliance comprises a combustion chamber including front, side and rear walls, a top and a bottom. An apertured grate arrangement is provided in the combustion chamber for supporting solid fuel. An ash collecting region is located under the grate arrangement, with an air inlet for providing combustion air. A first air outlet in the combustion chamber is located below the grate arrangement, and a second air outlet in the combustion chamber is located above the grate arrangement. An air diverting arrangement is provided for selectively diverting air from the air inlet between the first and second air outlets. A glass cleaning system provides a vertical curtain of air over the interior surface of a glass panel. The glass cleaning system includes an air supply adjacent one side wall, an air reservoir connected to the air supply and a dam defining a tapered outlet slot for providing the curtain of air from the air reservoir.

Abstract: A solid fuel heating apparatus including a secondary combustion chamber in gaseous communication with a primary combustion chamber for increasing heating efficiency and for reducing polluting emissions. The secondary combustion chamber is lined with a refractory material. The entrance to the secondary combustion chamber is disposed at the bottom thereof adjacent the grate, and the grate containing the fuel is sloped at an acute angle with respect to the vertical to cause charcoal to accumulate adjacent to the orifice and to cover the entrance orifice of the secondary combustion chamber. Exhaust gases drawn into the secondary combustion chamber must first pass through the charcoal so that they are preheated prior to being mixed with secondary air. Means are provided for metering secondary air into the entrance orifice to cause mixing of the secondary air with the exhaust gases when the exhaust gases are at their maximum temperature.

Abstract: A wood stove with glass panels for viewing of the fire therein includes a glass cleaning system with a number of features which in combination effectively prevent soot and creosote buildup. A uniform curtain of hot air is directed downwardly over the glass panels to maintain the interior surface at an elevated temperature and form a barrier to prevent soot and creosote buildup on the glass panels. The curtain of hot air is supplied by a system of interior manifolds, including a first air reservoir manifold and a second manifold positioned above the glass panels for reducing turbulence and forming a uniform laminar curtain of air. Hot air is delivered symmetrically to the air reservoir manifold from side manifolds. In addition, the glass cleaning system includes dual pane glass to help maintain the glass interior at an elevated temperature and andirons to prevent the wood from blocking or deflecting the curtain of hot air.

Abstract: Solid fuel heating appliance having high thermal efficiency and low levels of polluting emissions. The heating appliance includes an insulated secondary combustion chamber where a mixture of exhaust gases from the primary combustion chamber and secondary air is burned. A catalytic igniter is provided in the secondary combustion chamber to lower the ignition temperature of the unburned volatile gases from the primary combustion chamber. Regenerative feedback structure is provided in heat exchange relationship with the exhaust from the secondary combustion chamber to preheat the mixture entering the secondary combustion chamber, catalytic igniter, and the regenerative heat transfer assure substantially continuous combustion within the secondary combustion chamber even when conditions in the primary combustion chamber change.

Abstract: Exterior retrofit system for attachment to wood or coal-burning stoves including a secondary combustion chamber and a catalytic igniter. The secondary combustion chamber is lined with refractory material and is arranged to preheat flue gases emanating from the woodburning apparatus before ignition at the catalytic igniter. The refractory walls have an undulating structure to increase mixing and residence times for more complete burning. Provisions are made for introducing additional combustion air into the secondary combustion chamber. Combustion performance is improved resulting in reduction of cresote deposits and particulate emissions and reduction in the amount of fuel consumed for a given heat output. The retrofit unit is self-contained and requires no permanent or complicated modification to the stove. This system also has application for use on the interior of a stove, both as a retrofit and as the basis for a specifically designed stove.

Abstract: A tent comprises end walls of trapezoidal shape and pole structures which support the tent via the tops of its end walls. A sleeve is provided along the top of each end wall and a ridge pole is disposed within the sleeve, the sleeves and the ridge poles being of essentially identical lengths. The sleeves are provided with openings facing downwardly and longitudinally inwardly, and end-to-end separably connected pole sections support the ends of the ridge poles. Supporting each end of each ridge pole are exactly three end-to-end separably connected pole sections.