Abstract: A removable module and a method for operating the removable module. The removable module has a multipurpose connector that connect the removable module to a motor when the removable module is attached to a vehicle. Dual-purpose circuitry in the removable module can output electric energy to the motor when the multipurpose connector connects the removable module to the motor. The multipurpose connector can connect the removable module to the electric vehicle supply equipment when the removable module is detached from the vehicle. While the removable module is detached from the vehicle, the dual-purpose circuitry cannot output electric energy to the motor. When the multipurpose connector connects the removable module to the electric vehicle supply equipment, the dual-purpose circuitry can receive electric power from the electric vehicle supply equipment.

Abstract: The embodiments herein describe a feedback system for an electric motorcycle. The feedback system notifies a user of the electric motorcycle of various conditions of the electric motorcycle via one or more output devices. In one embodiment, the feedback system causes a throttle mechanism of the electric motorcycle to vibrate in response to the electric motorcycle being in an on state.

Abstract: A battery housing includes a battery frame that holds a plurality of battery cells. Each battery cell includes a positive terminal and a conducting structure at one end, a negative terminal at the opposite end, and a conductive shell that electrically couples the negative terminal to the conducting structure. An interconnect creates an electrical connection between two cells by contacting either the conducting structure or the positive terminal of each cell. The cells are positioned so that the positive terminals, conducting structures, and interconnect are all on the same side of the battery frame. As a result, the interconnect can be shorter in length.

Abstract: A battery housing includes a heat spreader, a thermal interface that contacts a surface of the heat spreader, and a battery frame that is configured to hold a plurality of battery cells. When a battery cell is inserted into the battery frame, the thermal interface contacts the cell at the same end as the cell's negative terminal. As a result, the thermal interface allows heat to be transferred between the battery cell and the heat spreader. It is advantageous to make a thermal connection at the end with the negative terminal because the internal jelly roll structure of the battery cell causes the cell to have a higher thermal conductivity at its negative terminal.

Abstract: A battery frame includes a plurality of battery cell compartments that are configured to hold battery cells. In one embodiment, each battery cell compartment includes a plurality of alignment features that protrude from an interior surface of the compartment by a protrusion distance. When a battery cell is inserted into the cell compartment, the alignment features make contact with the side of the battery cell to center the battery cell in the cell compartment and to create an air gap between the side of the battery cell and the interior surface of the cell compartment. The air gap reduces heat transfer from the battery cell to adjacent battery cells, which advantageously protects adjacent battery cells when a battery cell fails and releases a large amount of heat during a thermal runaway.