Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to bridged phthalocyanine- and napththalocyanine-metal complex catalysts and methods using the same for oxidation reactions. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of oxidation including contacting an oxidizable starting material including an alkene with a catalyst and an oxidant, to provide an oxidized product.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to bridged phthalocyanine- and napththalocyanine-metal complex catalysts and methods using the same for oxidation reactions. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of oxidation including contacting an oxidizable starting material including an alkene with a catalyst and an oxidant, to provide an oxidized product.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to a method of oxidizing sulfur-containing compounds. The method involves contacting a sulfur-containing compound with a helmet phthalocyaninato-type catalyst in the presence of an oxidant. The present invention also provides a method of removing undesired sulfur-containing compounds from a fluid, such as natural gas, crude oil or an aqueous waste stream.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to bridged phthalocyanine- and napththalocyanine-metal complex catalysts and methods of using and purifying the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of purifying a catalyst. The method includes contacting a catalyst composition with acid, the catalyst composition including a catalyst, to provide an acidified catalyst composition with the catalyst dissolved therein. The method includes precipitating the catalyst, and removing the precipitated catalyst from solution, to provide a purified catalyst.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to bridged phthalocyanine- and napththalocyanine-metal complex catalysts and methods of using and purifying the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of purifying a catalyst. The method includes contacting a catalyst composition with acid, the catalyst composition including a catalyst, to provide an acidified catalyst composition with the catalyst dissolved therein. The method includes precipitating the catalyst, and removing the precipitated catalyst from solution, to provide a purified catalyst.