Abstract: ATP-dependent generator/accumulator (based on active membranes) ATP-dependent Generator/Accumulator technology springs from the idea of utilizing differences in potential coming from work going on at the molecular level (generated by proteins of the cell membrane) for the production of electric energy. Cyclic polarization/depolarization is used, coming from a series of membranes, (besides the support of ulterior membranes which have been genetically engineered to carry out functions different from those carried out by the principal membrane). An extremely versatile system is therefore set up which can function both as an accumulator and a generator. It can function as an accumulator because it stores a determined quantity of energy in the form of ATP, and as a generator because it transforms potential energy (the bond energy of the ATP molecule) into electric energy.

Abstract: A method (1) of processing signals by means of rescaling, comprising the steps of: —downscaling (10) an initial signal (11), in accordance with a predetermined downscaling factor (Df) to obtain a downscaled signal (12), —upscaling (20), the downscaled signal (12) to obtain an upscaled signal (13) having the same dimensions as said initial signal (11), —comparing (30) the initial signal (11) and the upscaled signal (13) to calculate a comparison parameter, —if said comparison parameter is within a previously defined range, decreasing (50) the downscaling factor (Df) and repeating the steps of downscaling (10), upscaling (20) and comparison (30), —if said comparison parameter is outside the previously defined range, encoding (40) an encoded signal (14) as a function of the downscaled signal (12).

Abstract: A method of forming a slotted substrate that includes patterning a thin film over a substrate so that at least a portion of the substrate within a slot region is not covered by the thin film. In addition, a slot is formed in the substrate through the slot region that extends through the substrate and the thin film, wherein a chip count in a shelf surrounding the slot is minimized when the slot is formed in the substrate through the thin film in the slot region.