Abstract: A fuel heater for heating liquid fuel under pressure for use in an injector system-injection engine includes a pill 5 made of material with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) with a heatsink member 6, 7 covering both the top and bottom surface of the pill. At least one narrow, preferably spiral-shaped groove 15, 16 extends on either side of the PTC pill, either in the PTC material or in the heatsink material, or in both materials to carry fuel supplied under pressure. The fuel flows into the groove at one side of the pill from a central region of the pill towards the edge of the pill, and then into the groove at the other side of the pill from the edge towards the central region while being heated by the pill. The narrow groove restricts the flow of fuel to keep it under pressure while being heated which then, in turn, provides for the fuel to abruptly convert from a liquid to a gaseous state upon exiting the injector system.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a fuel injection furnishing fuel to a cylinder via a cylinder head passage leading to a cylinder inlet valve and having an air inlet channel member furnishing air to the cylinder via the passage has a heating element having a heat sink and a PTC heating tablet on the heat sink recessed into an opening in the cylinder head or the air inlet channel to receive fuel from the fuel injector and facilitate mixing of the fuel and air being furnished to the cylinder substantially free of interference with the flow of the air to the cylinder.