Abstract: Payload systems for processing chemical substances under various gravity levels, such as hypergravity and/or microgravity. The payload systems may include a hypergravity thermal payload system configured to enable melt or cooling of a sample under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent thermal payload system for enabling melt or cooling of a sample under various gravity levels, such as microgravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a hypergravity crystallization payload system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent crystallization system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance in various gravity levels, such as microgravity.

Abstract: Payload systems for processing chemical substances under various gravity levels, such as hypergravity and/or microgravity. The payload systems may include a hypergravity thermal payload system configured to enable melt or cooling of a sample under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent thermal payload system for enabling melt or cooling of a sample under various gravity levels, such as microgravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a hypergravity crystallization payload system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent crystallization system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance in various gravity levels, such as microgravity.

Abstract: Payload systems for processing chemical substances under various gravity levels, such as hypergravity and/or microgravity. The payload systems may include a hypergravity thermal payload system configured to enable melt or cooling of a sample under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent thermal payload system for enabling melt or cooling of a sample under various gravity levels, such as microgravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a hypergravity crystallization payload system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent crystallization system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance in various gravity levels, such as microgravity.

Abstract: Payload systems for processing chemical substances under various gravity levels, such as hypergravity and/or microgravity. The payload systems may include a hypergravity thermal payload system configured to enable melt or cooling of a sample under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent thermal payload system for enabling melt or cooling of a sample under various gravity levels, such as microgravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a hypergravity crystallization payload system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance under hypergravity. Alternatively, or in addition, the payload systems may include a gravity-independent crystallization system configured to enable crystallization of a chemical substance in various gravity levels, such as microgravity.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a polymorphic form of ritonavir prepared by novel methods that require less time to produce the polymorphic form, the methods of preparing the polymorphic form, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the polymorphic form produced by the provided methods, and corresponding methods of treatment with the polymorphic form produced by the provided methods.

Abstract: A system and a method are disclosed for conducting a transaction of purchasing goods at online marketplaces including a secure electronic method of credit card information exchange that represents a physical handover of the credit card and return of the credit card. A consumer sends a request to view goods. The system responds with a list of available goods from one or more merchants. The consumer selects an available good and sends a request to purchase it by sending credit card information. The credit card information is encrypted with a public key retrieved from a server, and transmitted to the merchant device. The merchant device decrypts the information using a private key unique to the merchant device. Then credit card information is available at the merchant device for a specific period of time and is destroyed once the time expires or the purchase is marked as complete.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of decreasing the negative effects of alcohol on behavior as well as inhibiting the toxic effects of alcohol, comprising administering, to a subject, an effective amount of an inhibitor of phospholipase D.