Abstract: A pipeline repair system includes a sleeve adapted to permanently enclose an outer surface of a longitudinal section of a pipeline having a defect. The sleeve includes two or more longitudinal segments of a cylinder joined at the longitudinal edges to form a sleeve with a first and second radial ends. The sleeve is sealed at the radial ends forming an enclosed annular space between the pipeline and the sleeve. An injection port assembly on the sleeve is adapted for temporary connection to an external source of pressurized material. The pressurized material may be a fluid, gas, or slurry. After filling the annulus with pressurized material, the port assembly is sealed. The permanent sleeve receives a majority of the tangential (hoop) stress load from the section of pipeline via the pressurized material in the annular space and may receive a portion of the longitudinal stress load from the section of pipeline.

Abstract: A pressurized fluid transfer system is provided comprising a supply storage vessel, a receiver storage vessel, a fluid flow passage extending from the supply storage vessel to the receiver storage vessel, a sonic nozzle comprising a convergent nozzle portion, a divergent nozzle portion, and a nozzle throat positioned between the convergent nozzle portion and the divergent nozzle portion. The nozzle throat defines a minimum flow area orifice having a cross sectional flow area which is smaller than a remainder of flow orifices within the system. Further, a sonic nozzle is provided in a pressurized fluid storage system such that sonic fluid flow into the fluid storage vessel is maintained until the storage vessel is about 90-95% full.