Abstract: Described is an apparatus for preparing baby formula using a liquid concentrate solution. The apparatus includes a housing with a cavity for receiving and holding a container liquid concentrate solution. A motor is attached with the housing for forcing liquid concentrate solution from the container and into a mixing chamber. A pump and a water tank are also included. A spray head is attached with the housing. The spray head includes a plurality of spray jets in fluid connection with the pump for receiving water from the water tank and dispensing water from the spray jets into the mixing chamber. Finally, the mixing chamber receives the liquid concentrate solution and water, such that when the water and the liquid concentrate solution are introduced into the mixing chamber, the water and liquid concentrate solution mix into a baby formula and are dispensed from an outlet in the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for preparing baby formula using a liquid concentrate solution. The apparatus includes a housing with a cavity for receiving and holding a container liquid concentrate solution. A motor is attached with the housing for forcing liquid concentrate solution from the container and into a mixing chamber. A pump and a water tank are also included. A spray head is attached with the housing. The spray head includes a plurality of spray jets in fluid connection with the pump for receiving water from the water tank and dispensing water from the spray jets into the mixing chamber. Finally, the mixing chamber receives the liquid concentrate solution and water, such that when the water and the liquid concentrate solution are introduced into the mixing chamber, the water and liquid concentrate solution mix into a baby formula and are dispensed from an outlet in the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for preparing baby formula using a liquid concentrate solution. The apparatus includes a housing with a cavity for receiving and holding a container liquid concentrate solution. A motor is attached with the housing for forcing liquid concentrate solution from the container and into a mixing chamber. A pump and a water tank are also included. A spray head is attached with the housing. The spray head includes a plurality of spray jets in fluid connection with the pump for receiving water from the water tank and dispensing water from the spray jets into the mixing chamber. Finally, the mixing chamber receives the liquid concentrate solution and water, such that when the water and the liquid concentrate solution are introduced into the mixing chamber, the water and liquid concentrate solution mix into a baby formula and are dispensed from an outlet in the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for preparing baby formula using a liquid concentrate solution. The apparatus includes a housing with a cavity for receiving and holding a container liquid concentrate solution. A motor is attached with the housing for forcing liquid concentrate solution from the container and into a mixing chamber. A pump and a water tank are also included. A spray head is attached with the housing. The spray head includes a plurality of spray jets in fluid connection with the pump for receiving water from the water tank and dispensing water from the spray jets into the mixing chamber. Finally, the mixing chamber receives the liquid concentrate solution and water, such that when the water and the liquid concentrate solution are introduced into the mixing chamber, the water and liquid concentrate solution mix into a baby formula and are dispensed from an outlet in the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for preparing baby formula using a liquid concentrate solution. The apparatus includes a housing with a cavity for receiving and holding a container liquid concentrate solution. A motor is attached with the housing for forcing liquid concentrate solution from the container and into a mixing chamber. A pump and a water tank are also included. A spray head is attached with the housing. The spray head includes a plurality of spray jets in fluid connection with the pump for receiving water from the water tank and dispensing water from the spray jets into the mixing chamber. Finally, the mixing chamber receives the liquid concentrate solution and water, such that when the water and the liquid concentrate solution are introduced into the mixing chamber, the water and liquid concentrate solution mix into a baby formula and are dispensed from an outlet in the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for preparing baby formula using a liquid concentrate solution. The apparatus includes a housing with a cavity for receiving and holding a container liquid concentrate solution. A motor is attached with the housing for forcing liquid concentrate solution from the container and into a mixing chamber. A pump and a water tank are also included. A spray head is attached with the housing. The spray head includes a plurality of spray jets in fluid connection with the pump for receiving water from the water tank and dispensing water from the spray jets into the mixing chamber. Finally, the mixing chamber receives the liquid concentrate solution and water, such that when the water and the liquid concentrate solution are introduced into the mixing chamber, the water and liquid concentrate solution mix into a baby formula and are dispensed from an outlet in the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes of making solutions of alkali alkoxides in their corresponding alcohols using an electrolytic process. In one embodiment, sodium methoxide in methanol is made from methanol and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, where the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is present in the anolyte compartment and a solution of sodium methoxide in methanol is present in the catholyte compartment, the two compartments are separated by a ceramic membrane that selectively transports sodium ions under the influence of an electric potential, and wherein the composition of the solution of sodium methoxide in methanol in the catholyte compartment of the electrolytic cell comprises between at least about 2% by weight sodium methoxide and at most about 20% by weight sodium methoxide.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for measuring relative movement between two portions of the facial skeleton. A target (4) is fixed in position relative t a one of the portions of the facial skeleton, the target comprising three or more light sources having a known geometric relationship with one another. An image capture device (2) is fixed in position relative to the other of the portions of the facial skeleton for capturing images of the three or more light sources of the target. The captured images can be used to determine relative changes in portion and orientation of the two portions of the facial skeleton.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing composition contains 1) water, 2) optionally an abrasive material, 3) an oxidizer, preferably a per-type oxidizer, 4) a small amount of soluble metal-ion oxidizer/polishing accelerator, a metal-ion polishing accelerator bound to particles such as to abrasive particles, or both; and 5) at least one of the group selected from a) a small amount of a chelator, b) a small amount of a dihydroxy enolic compound, and c) a small amount of an organic accelerator. Ascorbic acid in an amount less than 800 ppm, preferably between about 100 ppm and 500 ppm, is the preferred dihydroxy enolic compound. The polishing compositions and processes are useful for substantially all metals and metallic compounds found in integrated circuits, but is particularly useful for tungsten.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes of making solutions of alkali alkoxides in their corresponding alcohols using an electrolytic process. In one embodiment, sodium methoxide in methanol is made from methanol and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, where the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is present in the anolyte compartment and a solution of sodium methoxide in methanol is present in the catholyte compartment, the two compartments are separated by a ceramic membrane that selectively transports sodium ions under the influence of an electric potential, and wherein the composition of the solution of sodium methoxide in methanol in the catholyte compartment of the electrolytic cell comprises between at least about 2% by weight sodium methoxide and at most about 20% by weight sodium methoxide.

Abstract: A low solids-content slurry for polishing (e.g., chemical mechanical planarization) of substrates comprising a dielectric and an associated method using the slurry are described. The slurry and associated method afford high removal rates of dielectric during polishing even though the slurry has low solids-content. The slurry comprises a bicarbonate salt, which acts as a catalyst for increasing removal rates of dielectric films during polishing of these substrates.

Abstract: A composition and associated method for chemical mechanical planarization (or other polishing) are described. The composition comprises an abrasive and a tricine-type or bicine-type compound. The composition possesses high selectivities for removal of copper in relation to tantalum and dielectric materials whilst minimizing local dishing and erosion effects in CMP. The composition may further comprise an oxidizing agent in which case the composition is particularly useful in conjunction with the associated method for metal CMP applications (e.g., copper CMP).

Abstract: A composition and associated method for chemical mechanical planarization (or other polishing) are described which afford high tantalum to copper selectivity in copper CMP and which are tunable (in relation to polishing performance). The composition comprises an abrasive and an N-acyl-N-hydrocarbonoxyalkyl aspartic acid compound and/or a tolyltriazole derivative.

Abstract: A composition and associated method for chemical mechanical planarization (or other polishing) are described. The composition comprises an abrasive and a tricine-type or bicine-type compound. The composition possesses high selectivities for removal of copper in relation to tantalum and dielectric materials whilst minimizing local dishing and erosion effects in CMP. The composition may further comprise an oxidizing agent in which case the composition is particularly useful in conjunction with the associated method for metal CMP applications (e.g., copper CMP).