Abstract: In a flat-panel display device, the ON/OFF duty cycle of each picture element of the array of picture elements is modulated during a multi-frame display sequence according to attribute information of respective picture element data to be displayed. The timing of ON/OFF and OFF/ON state transitions (i.e., the modulations) of the picture elements are coordinated within predetermined neighborhoods throughout the array of picture elements such that the state transitions occur substantially uniformly in space and time within a display neighborhood during the multi-frame display sequence. Advantage is taken of the visual averaging property by causing state transitions to occur substantially uniformly in space and time within each neighborhood throughout the array of picture elements during a multi-frame display sequence.

Abstract: Shaded or color images are simulated using frame modulation techniques on flat panel displays having an array of binary display elements, i.e., display elements that have only two display states, an ON state and an OFF state. The timing of ON/OFF and OFF/ON state transitions of picture elements within predetermined neighborhoods through the array of display elements is coordinated such that the state transitions occur substantially uniformly in space and time during a multi-frame display sequence. Using a multi-frame sequence 16 frames in duration, 16 shades of gray may be realized on a monochrome display. The number of shades may be increased to 64 using dynamic dithering.