Abstract: The present invention provides protonated compounds having antiviral and antimicrobial activity. The invention also provides antimicrobial compositions comprising protonated compounds of the invention. The protonated compounds of the invention provide efficacious antimicrobial activity against resistant strains of bacteria and opportunistic fungi. The invention also provides antiviral compositions comprising compounds of the invention. Viruses that may be treated by compositions of the invention include, but are not limited to, HIV, HSV, CMV, HBV, HCV and influenza virus.

Abstract: A method for detecting nucleic acid sequences in two or more collections of nucleic acid molecules, the method comprising: (a) providing an array of modified polynucleotides bound to a solid surface, each said modified polynucleotide comprising a determinable nucleic acid; (b) contacting the array of modified polynucleotides with: (i) a first collection of labeled nucleic acid comprising a sequence substantially complementary to a nucleic acid of said array, and (ii) at least a second collection of labeled nucleic acid comprising a sequence substantially complementary to a modified polynucleotide of said array; wherein the first and second labels are distinguishable from each other; and (c) detecting hybridization of the first and second labeled complementary nucleic acids to nucleic acids of said arrays; wherein the modified oligonucleotides are characterized by a characteristic selected from the group consisting of (a) a binding affinity of at least about 1.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the invention relate to the use of small particles in biological systems, including the delivery of biologically active agents to cells or tissues using nanoparticles of less than about 200 nm in approximate diameter. Embodiments include collection of particles having a bioactive component, a surfactant molecule, a biocompatible polymer, and a cell recognition component, wherein the cell recognition component has a binding affinity for a cell recognition target. Compositions and methods of use are also set forth, including the use of antisense directed against Protein Kinase CK2, CK2alpha, CK2 alpha?, and CK2 beta.

Abstract: This invention relates to antisense oligonucleotides that target mRNAs in cells as substrates for the cellular enzyme RNase H and thereby cause specific degradation of the targeted mRNA. The oligonucleotides have three components: an RNase H activating region, a complementary region and 3? and 5? ends. The invention optimizes each of the components to resist intracellular nucleases, to increase hybridization to target mRNA, to specifically inactivate target mRNA in cells, and to decrease cytotoxicity.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing arrays having associated modified nucleic acid structures, e.g. acid stable and/or end-blocked nucleic acids such as 2?-O—R oligonucleotides. In one embodiment, arrays produced using the methods of the invention exhibit an increased binding affinity with complementary nucleic acids, and in particular with complementary RNA. In another embodiment, the associated nucleic acids of the array produced using the methods of the invention exhibit substantial acid resistance, allowing the arrays to be treated with low pH solutions. In another embodiment, the modified associated nucleic acids of the array produced using the methods of the invention exhibit substantial resistance to nuclease degradation.

Abstract: Concentration of oligonucleotides in salt solutions is accomplished by loading a solution of the oligonucleotide dissolved in aqueous sodium chloride or other salt solution onto a reverse-phase poly(styrene-divinylbene) liquid chromatography (LC) column. The column bearing oligonucleotide is then washed with water to low conductivity and eluted with an organic eluent such as ethanol, thus effecting a combination desalting concentration procedure in one step, thus this procedure has utility in the desalting and concentration of oligonucleotides that have been purified and/or treated by anion exchange chromatography. In situ cationic exchange of the associated cation of the oligonucleotide can also be incorporated into the procedure of the new invention.

Abstract: A method for detecting nucleic acid sequences in two or more collections of nucleic acid molecules, the method comprising: (a) providing an array of modified polynucleotides bound to a solid surface, each said modified polynucleotide comprising a determinable nucleic acid; (b) contacting the array of modified polynucleotides with: (i) a first collection of labeled nucleic acid comprising a sequence substantially complementary to a nucleic acid of said array, and (ii) at least a second collection of labeled nucleic acid comprising a sequence substantially complementary to a modified polynucleotide of said array; wherein the first and second labels are distinguishable from each other; and (c) detecting hybridization of the first and second labeled complementary nucleic acids to nucleic acids of said arrays; wherein the modified oligonucleotides are characterized by a characteristic selected from the group consisting of (a) a binding affinity of at least about 1.

Abstract: The present invention provides protonated compounds having antimicrobial activity. The invention also provides antimicrobial compositions comprising protonated compounds of the invention. The protonated compounds of the invention provide efficacious antimicrobial activity against resistant strains of bacteria and opportunistic fungi.

Abstract: The present invention provides devices and compositions for the management of infection of topical lesions, each of the devices and compositions containing protonated/acidified nucleic acids either on its surface, or integrated into the device. These modified nucleic acids are effective as bactericidal and/or bacteriostatic agents without regard to the class of bacteria, so are especially useful when diagnosis is difficult or when multiple infectious organisms are present. The antibiotic activity of nucleic acids of the invention is not dependent on either the specific sequence of the nucleic acid or the length of the nucleic acid molecule. The nucleic acids used in the invention are protonated/acidified to give a pH when dissolved in water of less than pH 7 to about 1, more preferably less than pH 4.5 to about 1, and even more preferably less than pH 2 to about 1.