Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for the production of organic solvent soluble squaraine dyes. More specifically, the invention describes how a difficult to prepare tetrahydroxy squaraine intermediate can be prepared in an organic solvent system in the presence of water. This intermediate can then be esterified in pyridine to form the soluble squaraine dye which can then be easily isolated from the reaction mixture. The invention also provides the dyes prepared according to this method.

Abstract: Metal oxidizing agents (such as silver oxide or silver nitrate) are added to a solution of organic chemicals which comprise an unwanted level of organic reducing agents (either aqueous or organic solutions in which the metal oxidizing agent does not dissolve) and the metal oxidizing agent oxidizes at least some portion of said organic reducing agents. Because the metal oxidizing agent is insoluble in the solution, it is readily removed (e.g., by filtration or sedimentary techniques) to leave a solution with reduced amounts of reducing agents therein. This process is particularly useful for purifying phthalazine, behenic acid, and other toners, the component forming the counterion with silver ion in forming the light-insensitive silver source material and any other additives and raw materials which can be dissolved in a solvent medium in which the metal oxidizing agent is not highly soluble.

Abstract: Metal oxidizing agents (such as silver oxide or silver nitrate) are added to a solution of organic chemicals which comprise an unwanted level of organic reducing agents (either aqueous or organic solutions in which the metal oxidizing agent does not dissolve) and the metal oxidizing agent oxidizes at least some portion of said organic reducing agents. Because the metal oxidizing agent is insoluble in the solution, it is readily removed (e.g., by filtration or sedimentary techniques) to leave a solution with reduced amounts of reducing agents therein. This process is particularly useful for purifying phthalazine, behenic acid, and other toners, the component forming the counterion with silver ion in forming the light-insensitive silver source material and any other additives and raw materials which can be dissolved in a solvent medium in which the metal oxidizing agent is not highly soluble.

Abstract: Heat-developable photothermographic materials capable of providing stable color images of high resolution. These materials comprise a support bearing a layer of an image-forming composition comprising:(a) a photosensitive silver halide,(b) an organic silver compound,(c) a reducing agent for silver ion, and(d) a binder,The reducing agent comprises a ballasted leuco dye compound. The ballasted leuco dye compound comprises a compound of the general formula:D--BwhereinD represents the reduced chromophore of a thermally mobile dye; andB represents an organic group that reduces the thermal mobility of D in the aforementioned binder, said organic group B capable of being oxidatively cleaved. The molecular weight of B must not be so high that the resulting amount of D in the emulsion layer is insufficient to yield a dye image having a reflection optical density of at least 0.3 or a transmission optical density of at least 0.2.

Abstract: Certain poly(lactic acid) and poly(glycolic acid) polymers or copolymers, and certain carbonates, lactones, lactates, lactylates, lactides, glycolates, glycolylates, and glycolides have been found to stabilize thermal-dye-bleach constructions containing a dye in association with a thermally-generated-bleaching agent. Preferably, the thermally-generated-bleaching agent is a thermal-carbanion-generating agent such as a quaternary ammonium salt of a phenylsulfonylacetic acid or a thermal-nucleophile-generating agent such as an ammonium salt of a phenylsulfonylacetic acid. These materials have been found to be particularly effective when used in acutance and antihalation systems for photothermographic and photographic elements.

Abstract: A method for producing polymethine dyes comprising the steps of:(a) reacting a 1,1-diaryl-2-metallo-ethene with an .omega., .omega.,-diaryl-polyalkene-aldehyde in an anhydrous solvent under an inert atmosphere; and(b) neutralizing the reaction mixture from step (a) with an acid, thereby producing a polymethine dye.

Abstract: A thermal-dye-bleach construction comprising a dye in association with a thermal dye-bleaching agent of general formula I: ##STR1## wherein: each of R.sup.a and R.sup.b are individually selected from: hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, and preferably, both R.sup.a and R.sup.b represent hydrogen;p is one or two, and when p is one, Z is a monovalent group selected from: an akyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, and when p is two, Z is a divalent group selected from: an alkylene group, an arylene group, an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group, an aralkylene group, a cycloalkene group, and a heterocyclic group; and,M.sup.+ is a cation which will not react with a carbanion generated from the thermal-carbanion-generating agent in such manner as to render the carbanion ineffective as a bleaching agent for the dye.

Abstract: Radiation sensitive thermally developable imaging elements comprise:(a) photosensitive silver halide,(b) light insensitive silver salt oxidizing agent,(c) reducing agent for silver ions, and(d) an antifoggant compound comprising s-triazines having at least one tribromomethyl substituent. The antifoggants are effective in reducing spurious background image densities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dry cleaning solvent resistant hydrophilic urethane polymer having about 0.5 to 10 weight percent of a hindered phenolic antioxidant reacted into its structure. The invention also relates to a hindered phenolic antioxidant capable of being reacted into the polymer. The invention also relates to a dry cleaning solvent resistant waterproof, moisture-vapor permeable material such as a laminate or a unitary sheet material.

Abstract: A thermal-dye-bleach construction comprising a dye in association with a thermal dye-bleaching agent of general formula I: ##STR1## wherein: each of R.sup.a and R.sup.b are individually selected from: hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, and preferably, both R.sup.a and R.sup.b represent hydrogen;p is one or two, and when p is one, Z is a monovalent group selected from: an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, and when p is two, Z is a divalent group selected from: an alkylene group, an arylene group, an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group, an aralkylene group, a cycloalkene group, and a heterocyclic group; and,M.sup.+ is cation which will not react with acarbanion generated from the thermal-carbanion-generating agent in such manner as to render the carbanion ineffective as a bleaching agent for the dye.

Abstract: A thermal-dye-bleach construction comprising a polymethine dye having a nucleus of general formula I: ##STR1## in association with a thermal-carbanion-generating agent having the general formula: ##STR2## wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification and claims.

Abstract: A sensing element for sensing the concentration of an analyte in a medium is disclosed. The sensing element comprises a matrix material having at least one indicator component covalently bonded thereto. The indicator component is capable of providing a signal dependent on the concentration of a analyte in a medium. The indicator component is derived from at least one indicator compound having an aromatic ring to which is directly bonded a group including a functional portion which is conjugated relative to this aromatic ring.

Abstract: Meta-hydroxyphenylacetylenes are produced from phenyl-substituted ketal or acetal precursors. Using biotransformation processes, these precursors serve as substrates that are converted to cis-dihydrodiol intermediates. The cis-dihydrodiols can be converted chemically to the corresponding meta-substituted compounds, e.g., meta-substituted phenols, and then to m-hydroxyphenylacetylene, which is an intermediate needed to produce acetylene-terminated resins. The biotransformation step employs arene-2,3-dioxygenase in intra- or extra- cellular form.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dry cleaning solvent resistant hydrophilic urethane polymer having about 0.5 to 10 weight percent of a hindered phenolic antioxidant reacted into its structure. The invention also relates to a dry cleaning solvent resistant waterproof, moisture-vapor permeable material such as a laminate or a unitary sheet material. The unitary sheet material comprises a microporous polymeric matrix having pores comprising continuous passages extending through its thickness and opening into the opposite surfaces thereof, the passages being sufficiently filled with a moisture-vapor permeable, water-impermeable, hydrophilic material which comprises the polymer having the antioxidant reacted into its structure which prevents the passage of water and other liquids through the unitary sheet material while readily permitting moisture vapor transmission therethrough rendering the sheet material breathable.

Abstract: This invention concerns monosubstituted dithiooxamides, and a preferred class comprises those wherein the substituent is such that the resulting dithiooxamide derivative is substantially nonvolatile at about room temperature. Preferred materials are those for which when the monosubstituent dithiooxamide is complexed with a transition metal cation, the resulting polymer is substantially a dark, i.e., preferably blue or blue-black color. Carbonless paper constructions involving use of N-(monosubstituted)dithiooxamides to advantage are described.

Abstract: This invention relates to the synthesis of N-(monosubstituted)dithiooxamides by the transamination of dithiooxamide. Preferred methods, according to the present invention, take advantage of the discovery that yields of N-(monosubstituted)dithiooxamides can be improved in the Wallach Reaction by: controlling the temperature of the reaction mixture; optimizing the initial concentration of the reactants; adding an effective amount of acid in the quenching or processing procedure; and/or, optionally, adding an effective amount of certain nitrogen bases to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Alkyl ketazine dyes are stabilized by the presence of poly(vinyl chloride) and/or poly(vinylidene chloride) binders in photothermographic emulsions.

Abstract: The use of phenazine, phenoxazine and phenothiazine color forming developers in photothermographic dry silver emulsions provides a stable imaging system under both light and dark storage.

Abstract: Oxazine, thiazine and diazine leuco dyes are synthesized through a reaction using a dicyclohexylcarbodiimide adduct. The adducts are themselves novel compounds.

Abstract: Novel phenoxazine and phenothiazine dyes have the formula ##STR1## wherein X can be --S-- or --O--;each R can be the same or different and is independently selected from(1) hydrogen,(2) an unsubstituted aryl or alkyl group or these groups substituted by up to four groups selected from alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, mercapto, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, and Z, where Z is as defined below, wherein all alkyl and alkoxy groups have 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and(3) Z, wherein Z can be ##STR2## wherein each Q can be the same or different and is independently selected from(1) hydrogen,(2) an unsubstituted aryl or alkyl group or these groups substituted by up to four groups selected from alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, mercapto, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, and Z, where Z is as defined above, wherein all alkyl and alkoxy groups have 1 to 20 carbon atoms; andR' is the same or different and is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or these grou