Abstract: A flat woven industrial filtration fabric comprises three layers of weft yarns. A first set of warp yarns interweaves only with paper side layer weft yarns and intermediate weft yarns, and a second set of warp yarns interweaves only with machine side layer weft yarns and the intermediate yarns, the first warp yarns and the second warp yarns interweaving with the same intermediate weft yarns at common turning points. The first warp yarns comprise groups of intrinsic binder yarns forming a single combined path on the paper side surface, and the second warp yarns are woven as individual yarns or in groups, such as pairs or triplets. The distinct nature of the paper side and machine side layers increases the available combinations of weave patterns to optimize the characteristics for each layer, and the distinct centre planes between the three layers provide improved drainage control.

Abstract: A method of weaving industrial textiles to a single warp platform, and textiles made thereby. The method comprises identifying optimal fabric characteristics for selected uses to determine groups of suitable fabrics; selecting a first group, identifying fabric properties for optimal characteristics, and identifying optimal properties for warp yarns to be used for all fabrics in the group; selecting a structure type and weave design for each fabric of the group; providing a loom with selected shedding options and installing warp yarns having the identified optimal properties. Thereafter, each fabric in the group can be woven without changing the warp yarns, simply by identifying properties for weft yarns to correspond with the weave design of the respective fabric, setting the loom accordingly and weaving the fabrics as required, adjusting only the weft parameters between successive fabrics, resulting in increased efficiency of manufacturing and avoiding time consuming warp changes between fabrics.

Abstract: A woven filtration fabric for cellulosic sheet formation. The warp yarns comprise intrinsic binder yarn pairs, and a set of dedicated machine side layer warp yarns. The members of each intrinsic binder yarn pair alternate with each other to define a single combined path in each layer. Whenever a member interweaves with a machine side layer weft yarn, at least one machine side layer warp yarn interweaves with the same weft yarn in the same knuckle. In some embodiments, the members form double knuckles in the machine side layer, firstly together with a first machine side layer warp yarn and then together with a second machine side layer warp yarn. The warp yarn path ratio of machine side layer warp yarns to single combined paths of the intrinsic binder yarn pairs is at least 1.5:1. The fabrics provide increased center plane resistance, resulting in improved drainage and sheet uniformity.

Abstract: A woven filtration fabric for cellulosic sheet formation. The warp yarns comprise intrinsic binder yarn pairs, and a set of dedicated machine side layer warp yarns. The members of each intrinsic binder yarn pair alternate with each other to define a single combined path in each layer. Whenever a member interweaves with a machine side layer weft yarn, at least one machine side layer warp yarn interweaves with the same weft yarn in the same knuckle. In some embodiments, the members form double knuckles in the machine side layer, firstly together with a first machine side layer warp yarn and then together with a second machine side layer warp yarn. The warp yarn path ratio of machine side layer warp yarns to single combined paths of the intrinsic binder yarn pairs is at least 1.5:1. The fabrics provide increased center plane resistance, resulting in improved drainage and sheet uniformity.

Abstract: A flat woven industrial filtration fabric comprises three layers of weft yarns. A first set of warp yarns interweaves only with paper side layer weft yarns and intermediate weft yarns, and a second set of warp yarns interweaves only with machine side layer weft yarns and the intermediate yarns, the first warp yarns and the second warp yarns interweaving with the same intermediate weft yarns at common turning points. The first warp yarns comprise groups of intrinsic binder yarns forming a single combined path on the paper side surface, and the second warp yarns are woven as individual yarns or in groups, such as pairs or triplets. The distinct nature of the paper side and machine side layers increases the available combinations of weave patterns to optimize the characteristics for each layer, and the distinct centre planes between the three layers provide improved drainage control.

Abstract: Double layer forming fabrics, woven to an overall repeating weave pattern requiring at least 8 sheds in the loom, provide a low drainage area in a notional center plane between the paper and machine side layers, to resist and retard initial impingement drainage. Transverse binder yarn pairs follow a single combined path interweaving with paper side layer and machine side layer yarns, with long internal floats under at least four paper side layer yarns between exchange points and interlacing points in the machine side layer. The members of the pairs are laterally displaced in relation to each other along the single combined path. The fabric has a total warp fill after heatsetting of at least 100%. The drainage areas of the paper side layer and the machine side layers are between 25% and 50%, and the center plane drainage area is between 8% and 20%.

Abstract: Double layer forming fabrics, woven to an overall repeating weave pattern requiring at least 8 sheds in the loom, provide a low drainage area in a notional centre plane between the paper and machine side layers, to resist and retard initial impingement drainage. Transverse binder yarn pairs follow a single combined path interweaving with paper side layer and machine side layer yarns, with long internal floats under at least four paper side layer yarns between exchange points and interlacing points in the machine side layer. The members of the pairs are laterally displaced in relation to each other along the single combined path. The fabric has a total warp fill after heatsetting of at least 100%. The drainage areas of the paper side layer and the machine side layers are between 25% and 50%, and the centre plane drainage area is between 8% and 20%.

Abstract: A composite forming fabric, comprising in combination a paper side layer having a paper side surface, a machine side layer and paper side layer intrinsic warp binder yarns. Each of the paper side layer and the machine side layer are woven together in a repeating pattern, and the two layers together are woven in at least 6 sheds, and up to at least 36 sheds can be used. All of the paper side layer warp yarns are provided by pairs of intrinsic warp binder yarns. The paper side layer weave pattern provides an unbroken warp path in the paper side surface including at least two segments, occupied in turn by each intrinsic binder yarn; the segments are separated by at least one paper side layer weft. Within each segment, each intrinsic binder yarn also interlaces once with a machine side layer weft, at the same point as a machine side layer warp interlaces with the same weft. The weave path occupied by each member of a pair of intrinsic warp binder yarns can be the same or different.

Abstract: A computerized system simulates the absorption of ink into a sheet of paper. A portion closest to the print surface is scanned and a "sheet intensity value" is assigned to each pixel formed on the scanned image. A pre-formed printed screen image is laid over the scanned image of the sheet surface so that each pixel in the scanned image has a corresponding pixel in the print pattern. The sheet intensity value is subtracted from the print intensity value to obtain a final intensity value, which provides an indication of how ink will appear if it is applied to that pixel area of the sheet.

Abstract: To provide a simulation of the formation of a sheet of paper and the appearance of print thereon, a computerized system is adapted to receive input parameters related to a type of headbox stock desired, the fabric upon which the paper is to be formed, the paper machine to be used, and the printing process desired. Data relating to the actual production of paper is configured to simulate a series of fibres being dropped onto the surface of the fabric to create a mat. After a sufficient amount of fibre has been simulated as being dropped onto the fabric creating a fibrous mat, the system will indicate a final sheet has been completed when it has the desired basis weight as initially inputted by the user. After a final sheet of paper is deemed finished a report pertaining to sheet characteristics is generated. The report provides the user with data relating to fibre retention, a display of the simulated sheet along with its density variations, surface characteristics, and structure.

Abstract: A method for producing a printed piece of paper wherein the paper is formed by forming fabric having knuckles disposed thereon. Color printing screens are provided having diagonals for depositing ink arranged at angles of typically 45.degree. or more. The printing screens are applied to the paper after ensuring that the angles of the diagonals in the printing screens are different from angles of areas of high and low density in the paper formed by the forming fabric knuckles when the printing screens overlie the piece of paper, whereby to provide more uniform print on the piece of paper.

Abstract: A triple layer papermaking fabric having top and bottom fabric layers joined by a binder yarn, the top fabric layer including machine direction and cross machine direction yarns interwoven in a plain weave having an open area determined by the formula:(1-N.sub.c .times.D.sub.c).times.(1-N.sub.m .times.D.sub.m).times.100whereN.sub.c =number of Cross Machine Direction yarns per inchN.sub.m =number of Machine Direction yarns per inchD.sub.c =number of Cross Machine Direction yarnsD.sub.m =diameter of Machine Direction yarnsThe configuration of the papermaking fabric reduces or eliminates density differences in the finished paper sheet produced on it.