Abstract: Alkali metal and alkaline earth metal containing silica alumina spinel-mullite-gamma alumina sorbents which may be used to remove sulfur oxides (SO.sub.x components) from gas streams.

Abstract: Acid reacted metakaolin useful for the preparation of catalyst and catalyst support compositions. The compositions may include solid inorganic oxides, such as zeolites, clay and/or inorganic gels. The compositions are spray dried and calcined to obtain highly active, dense, attrition resistant fluid cracking catalysts, or used in the preparation of formed catalyst supports.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions which comprise alumina bound spinel and/or spinel-mullite mixtures having an alkali metal content of below about 0.50 weight percent, preferably below about 0.10. The compositions are obtained by calcining and caustic leaching preformed particulate composites of clay and alumina sol, preferably chlorhydrol. The catalysts are particularly useful for the catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to obtain gasoline and light cycle oil. When used for cracking feedstocks high in vanadium content these compositions may contain added alkaline earth oxide in order to passivate the vanadium.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions which comprise alumina bound spinel and/or spinel-mullite mixtures having an alkali metal content of below about 0.50 weight percent, preferably below about 0.10. The compositions are obtained by calcining a caustic leaching preformed particulate composites of clay and alumina sol, preferably chlorhydrol. The catalysts are particularly useful for the catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to obtain gasoline and light cycle oil. When used for cracking feedstocks high in vanadium content these compositions may contain added alkaline earth oxide in order to passivate the vanadium.

Abstract: Acid reacted metakaolin useful for the preparation of catalyst and catalyst support compositions. The compositions may include solid inorganic oxides, such as zeolities, clay and/or inorganic gels. The compositions are spray dried and calcined to obtain highly active, dense, attrition resistant fluid cracking catalysts, or used in the preparation of formed catalyst supports.

Abstract: Catalysts which comprise or contain caustic leached spinel/mullite are found to possess a particularly high activity and stability for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Catalysts which comprise or contain caustic leached spinel/mullite are found to possess a particularly high activity and stability for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Pillared interlayered clays are reacted with a base such as ammonium hydroxide to increase the ion exchange capacity thereof. The pillared interlayered clays are prepared by reacting a smectite clay, such as bentonite, with a metal complex polymer, such as chlorhydrol, and calcining the resulting product.

Abstract: Stable pillared interlayered clays are prepared by reacting smectite clays with high molecular weight cationic metal complexes of metals such as aluminum and zirconium. The high molecular weight complexes are prepared by hydrolysis of copolymerization of a metal complex such as aluminum chlorohydrol. The pillared, interlayered clays possess a high degree of thermal and hydrothermal stability and may be used in the preparation of catalysts and sorbents.

Abstract: Stable pillared interlayered clay compositions are prepared by reacting smectite type clays with polymeric cationic hydroxy metal complexes of metals such as aluminum, zirconium, and/or titanium. These novel interlayered clay compositions which possess substantial surface area in pores of less than 30 A in diameter are used as catalysts, catalytic supports, and sorbents.

Abstract: Zeolites free from heavy metal cations are ion-exchanged with alkaline earth metal cations. The exchanged zeolites provide corrosion resistance to paints for metals, especially ferrous metals, without environmental hazard caused by use of heavy-metal anti-corrosion materials such as lead, chromium, zinc, etc.