Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing thin metal products by continuous casting. The apparatus comprises an ingot mold (2) and squeezing rolls (6, 6') intended to cause, by reduction of the thickness of product, closing of the solidification pool. The separation force (F) exerted on the squeezing rolls by the product is measured and a variable magnetic field, matched to the separation force so that the latter does not exceed over a long period a predetermined upper limit value representing the force that the squeezing rolls can tolerate temporarily without damage, is applied to the core of the still molten product by inductors (8, 8') housed in, or upstream of, the squeezing rolls.

Abstract: The process for the continuous casting of thin metal products, particularly steel, products, of the type according to which the molten metal is poured into a continuous-casting ingot mold of elongated section, from which the partially solidified metal is continuously withdrawn and the thickness of the product emerging from the ingot mold is reduced by means of squeezing rolls (4, 4'), comprises the steps of (a) detecting whether the liquid phase tip is located upstream or downstream of the squeezing rolls, (b) applying between the squeezing rolls, a variable magnetic field to the core of the product, while matching the action of the magnetic field to the detected position of the liquid phase tip.

Abstract: The utensil provided by the invention comprises an elongated handle having at one end a working head comprising an end-piece in the form of a tapering beak, pointed and upwardly curved, for dislocating and separating the valves through the heel of the shell, and an element for severing the muscle formed by a blade retractable into the handle, assisted by a return spring and sliding in a plane passing between the base and the point of the end-piece. A projection, provided for bearing against the hand holding the oyster and for serving as a guard, is formed from two prongs having the same form as the profile of the end-piece.

Abstract: A molten metal is poured into the upper end of a vertically tubular continuous-casting mold and is withdrawn as a hardened casting from the lower end of the mold. An electromagnetic field is displaced upwardly counter-current to the descending metal so as to mix the molten part of the metal and displace non-magnetic inclusions away from the hardening skin of the metal. The mold is operated in accordance with the following formula:B.sup.2 .times.L=(1/.gamma.v)(16d.sup.2 +120d)wherein B equals effective strength of magnetic field in tesla, L equals overall vertical length of field in meters, .gamma. equals electrical conductivity of metal being cast in ohms.sup.-1 .times.meter.sup.-1, v equals vertical travel speed of field in meters/second, and d equals desired surface depth of non-metallic inclusions in millimeters i.e., the distance from the outer surface of the casting in a direction normal to this surface.

Abstract: A metallic product free of surface faults is continuously cast in a cooled, conductive ingot mold wherein a liquid metal is rotated by applying a magnetic field turning about the axis of the mold thereto and wherefrom the partially solidified metal product is extracted continuously. The driving action of the magnetic field is optimized by imparting to it a maximum value of frequency of rotation between 4 and 15 Hertz, this value being a function of the form and size of the cast product as well as the thickness and electric conductivity of the mold wall such that any increase in the frequency of rotation above this value brings about an attenuation of the frequency in the mold wall in excess of its positive effect on the rotation of the liquid metal.

Abstract: A metallic product is cast continuously by injecting a liquid metal into a cooled ingot mold, applying a magnetic field turning about the axis of the mold to rotate the metal, and extracting the partially solidified metal product from the mold. Effective stirring is obtained by rotating the magnetic field at a frequency of rotation of 4 to 15 Hertz and using a copper alloy of structural rigidity for the mold, the wall thickness of the mold being kept thin, preferably below 15 mm. The process is particularly useful for casting round metallic products and especially those which are subjected to after-treatments requiring good surface characteristics and a core free of faults.