Abstract: Communication devices and methods for EHT virtualization for MLD devices.are provided. One exemplary embodiment provides an Access Point (AP) included in a plurality of APs affiliated with an AP Multi-link Device (MLD), wherein each of the plurality of APs advertises a Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID), and provides a link identified by a Link Identifier (ID), the AP comprising: circuitry, which in operation, generates a frame carrying a multi-link element containing information about the AP MLD and the plurality of APs; and a transmitter, which in operation, transmits the frame on a link, the Multi-link element indicating a Link ID of the link on which the frame is transmitted.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatuses and methods for multi-link traffic indication map, the communication apparatus being an Access Point (AP) of a plurality of APs affiliated with an AP multi-link device (MLD), each of the plurality of APs operating in a corresponding link of the AP MLD, the AP comprising: circuitry, which in operation, generates a frame comprising a traffic indication map (TIM) element and a presence bitmap, the element comprising a partial virtual bitmap (PVM) indicating presence of one or more buffered units for one of a non-AP STA or a non-AP MLD associated with the AP or the AP MLD, the presence bitmap indicating whether additional information relating to the one or more BUs is present in the frame for the one of the non-AP STA or the non-AP MLD; and a transmitter, which in operation, transmits the frame in a link.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the prioritization of devices taking part in a multi-user random access wireless communication. Based on some known conditions, devices that comply with the conditions are given preferential treatment during the random access period. The preferential treatment may refer to the eligible devices being allowed to access more resource units during the random access, or it may also mean faster access to the medium during the random access. By taking advantage of the methods described in the present disclosure, it is possible to assign higher priority to selected frame types and/or device categories in a multi-user random access wireless communication system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a communication apparatus that comprises a receiver which, in operation, receives a wake-up radio (WUR) frame, during an on duration in a duty cycle, in a first channel assigned to the communication apparatus by an Access Point (AP), and receives a WUR Beacon frame in a second channel, a transmission of the WUR Beacon frame being scheduled at a target WUR beacon transmission time (TWBTT); and a processor which, in operation, operates the duty cycle, wherein, during a determined time from the TWBTT, any WUR frame is not transmitted in the first channel from the AP.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a transmission apparatus that comprises a first payload generator configured to generate payload of a packet of a first signal type; a second payload generator configured to generate payload of a packet of a second signal type; a packet scheduler that controls the transmission timings of the first and the second packet; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits, under the timing control of the packet scheduler, the packet of the first signal type followed by the packet of the second signal type.

Abstract: A communication apparatus of the present disclosure includes a receiver which, in operation, receives a signal that includes a non-legacy preamble and a data field, the non-legacy preamble comprising a first field for indicating a number of spatial streams (Nss) in the data field and a second field for indicating one of a plurality of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs), wherein two or more frequency diversity transmission schemes are supported and one of the two or more frequency diversity transmission schemes is applied based on a value of the Nss; and circuitry which, in operation, decodes the signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a communication apparatus that comprises a Primary Connectivity Radio (PCR) capable of transmitting and receiving wireless signals; a low power Wake Up Receiver (WURx) capable of receiving Wake-Up Radio (WUR) signals, the WURx being configured to receive WUR signals on a first WUR channel assigned to the apparatus by an Access Point (AP); a WUR channel scheduler programmed to configure the WURx to switch to a second WUR channel designated as a broadcast WUR channel by the AP, when the first WUR channel is different from the second WUR channel, wherein the channel switch occurs in time for the WURx to receive the scheduled WUR Beacon frames from the AP.

Abstract: Communication devices and methods for multi-link setup and link maintenance are provided. One exemplary embodiment provides a first station (STA) included in a first plurality of STAs affiliated with a first Multi-link Device (MLD), the first STA comprising: circuitry, which in operation, generates a request frame, the request frame comprising request information; and a transmitter, which in operation, transmits the request frame to a second STA to request a multi-link setup, wherein the second STA is included in a second plurality of STAs affiliated with a second MLD, and wherein the multi-link setup establishes one or more links between one or more STAs of the first plurality of STAs and corresponding one or more STAs of the second plurality of STAs based on the request information.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a communication apparatus comprising a cryptographic circuitry which, in operation, uses a shared cryptographic secret Key and a cryptographic salt to generate a cryptographically encoded Message Integrity Code (MIC) that is computed over the 0address field of a Wake Up Radio (WUR) frame; and a transmission signal generator which, in operation, generates a secure WUR signal by replacing the address field of the WUR frame with the MIC; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the secure WUR signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a communication apparatus comprising: circuitry, which, in operation, generates a first frame for a sounding procedure; and a transmitter, which, in operation, transmits the first frame to each of one or more peer communication apparatuses, the first frame comprising a first field which indicates an intended usage of the sounding procedure.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter transmits a Trigger Frame for allocating resources for Uplink Multi User (UL MU) transmission, the Trigger Frame comprising a common information field that includes a type subfield indicating one of a plurality of trigger types, wherein the plurality of trigger types includes a first trigger type, a second trigger type and a third trigger type, the first trigger type indicating a basic trigger, the second trigger type indicating multi-user block ack request, and the third trigger type indicating a specific trigger used for soliciting a specific type of UL MU response frame from a plurality of terminal stations. The receiver, responsive to the type subfield indicating the third trigger type, receives the specific type of UL MU response frame from the plurality of terminal station.

Abstract: A communication apparatus comprises primary connectivity radio (PCR) circuitry which, in operation, exchanges a wake up radio (WUR) mode setup frame with a communication partner apparatus in awake state; and wake up radio (WUR) circuitry which, in operation, receives a wake-up frame from the communication partner apparatus, wherein upon successful completion of the WUR mode setup frame exchange in mode other than WUR mode, the communication apparatus enters the WUR mode in which the WUR circuitry is in state to receive a WUR frame, and wherein upon receiving the wake-up frame by the WUR circuitry in the WUR mode, the PCR circuitry changes current state to the awake state.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatus and communication method for channel estimation. The communication apparatus comprises a transmitter, which in operation, transmits a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) to one or more other communication apparatus in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless network, the PPDU including a long training field (LTF) that facilitates the one or more other communication apparatus to estimate respective channels for respective communications with the communication apparatus; and a controller, which in operation, establishes the number of LTF symbols (NLTF) for generating the LTF in the PPDU, wherein the NLTF depends on a maximum value (NSTSMAX) of the number of space-time streams for each resource unit (RU) in the PPDU.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatus and communication method for control signaling. The communication apparatus comprises: circuitry, which, in operation, generates a transmission signal comprising a first signal field and a second signal field, wherein the first signal field comprises punctured channel information and the second signal field comprises supplemental punctured channel information, wherein when the transmission signal is used for punctured single-user (SU) or multi-user (MU) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission and the punctured channel information is able to indicate a channel puncturing pattern that is applied to the transmission signal, the second signal field does not comprise the supplemental punctured channel information; and a transmitter, which, in operation, transmits the transmission signal.

Abstract: The communication apparatus comprises a receiver which, in operation, receives a PHY layer Data Unit that includes a duration field; Physical (PHY) layer circuitry which, in operation, issues a PHY-CCA (clear channel assessment) primitive parameter indicating bandwidth information on a busy or idle state for each subchannel within an operating bandwidth; and Media Access Control (MAC) circuitry which, in operation, updates a Network Allocation Vector (NAV) value based on the duration information and, in operation, determines busy/idle state of at least one subchannel, wherein the MAC circuitry, in operation, controls transmission of the HE TB PHY layer Data Unit based on the updated NAV value and the busy/idle state of the at least one subchannel, and controls the PHY circuitry to have the HE TB PHY layer Data Unit transmitted when the at least one subchannel is considered idle, regardless of whether the primary subchannel is busy or not.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a communication apparatus comprising a cryptographic circuitry which, in operation, uses a shared cryptographic secret Key and a cryptographic salt to generate a cryptographically encoded Message Integrity Code (MIC) that is computed over the address field of a Wake Up Radio (WUR) frame; and a transmission signal generator which, in operation, generates a secure WUR signal by replacing the address field of the WUR frame with the MIC; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the secure WUR signal.

Abstract: A communication apparatus of the present disclosure includes a receiver which, in operation, receives a signal that includes a non-legacy preamble and a data field, the non-legacy preamble comprising a first field for indicating a number of spatial streams (Nss) in the data field and a second field for indicating one of a plurality of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs), wherein two or more frequency diversity transmission schemes are supported and one of the two or more frequency diversity transmission schemes is applied based on a value of the Nss; and circuitry which, in operation, decodes the signal.

Abstract: Provided is a communication apparatus and communication method for channel estimation. The communication apparatus includes a transmitter, which in operation, transmits a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) to one or more other communication apparatus in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless network. The PPDU includes a long training field (LTF) that permits the one or more other communication apparatus to estimate respective channels for respective communications with the communication apparatus. The communication apparatus includes a controller, which in operation, establishes the number of LTF symbols (NLTF) for generating the LTF in the PPDU. The NLTF depends on a maximum value (NSTSMAX) of the number of space-time streams for each resource unit (RU) in the PPDU.

Abstract: Communication devices and methods for multi-link secured retransmissions are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatus and communication method for control signaling. The communication apparatus comprises circuitry, which, in operation, generates a transmission signal comprising a first signal field which comprises a first part and a second part, each comprising an equal number of data bits, wherein the data bits of the second part of the first signal field does not comprise version independent bits; and a transmitter, which, in operation, transmit the generated transmission signal.