Abstract: An apparatus and method to allow flexible fueling of engines (including but not limited to four cycle compression ignition engines) with a portion of hydrogen gas derived “on demand” from a fluid containing chemically-bound hydrogen. The use of multiple fuel types including compressed or liquefied natural gas, diesel, heavy fuel oil, methanol, liquefied petroleum gas, and liquefied ammonia is enabled by modifying their combustion behavior with this derived hydrogen gas. Existing engines can optionally be enabled through a retrofit that adds the aforementioned apparatus, injecting the produced hydrogen gas into the air intake of the engine.

Abstract: Methods for the operation of membrane reactors (MRs) are disclosed for the efficient production of hydrogen-enriched fuel blends with tunable composition and high hydrogen recovery at both elevated and isobaric pressure operation. These methods enable use of greatly reduced operating temperatures relative to packed bed reactors (PBRs) and elimination of the need for a secondary separation unit operation. These methods provide greater productivity and hydrogen recovery while relaxing membrane selectivity constraints relative to conventional MR operation.

Abstract: Methods for the operation of membrane reactors (MRs) are disclosed for the efficient production of hydrogen-enriched fuel blends with tunable composition and high hydrogen recovery at both elevated and isobaric pressure operation. These methods enable use of greatly reduced operating temperatures relative to packed bed reactors (PBRs) and elimination of the need for a secondary separation unit operation. These methods provide greater productivity and hydrogen recovery while relaxing membrane selectivity constraints relative to conventional MR operation.