Abstract: A flat light source having a front plate and a rear part. The front plate is held at a distance from the rear part by spacers. A gaseous filling which is under a pressure lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure is introduced into the intermediate space between the front plate and rear part, and the front plate is of a glass material. To be able to produce flat light sources of this type which have a low intrinsic weight, according to this invention the front plate and/or the rear part can be configured as an at least partly thermally or chemically tempered glass pane or the front plate and/or the rear part can be configured as a glass pane which at least in areas is coated with ductile polymer material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass-plastic composite film, especially for use in electronic components and devices, such as displays. The inventive film consists of a glass film which is between 10 &mgr;m and 500 &mgr;m thick, and is characterised in that a polymer layer with a thickness of between 1 &mgr;m and 200 &mgr;m f is applied directly to at least one of the side faces of said film and in that at least one side on the surface of the film has a waviness of less than 100 nm and a roughness RT<30 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the domain of toughened glass bodies, comprising a base body made of glass and at least one layer applied thereto.

Abstract: A process of making an orienting layer on a substrate for aligning liquid crystal molecules, especially of a large-scale liquid crystal display, includes moving the substrate (14) at a distance of 50 to 100 mm from a target (11) past the target in a substrate motion direction (15) and providing the target with a length l in a direction perpendicular to the substrate motion direction and parallel to the substrate surface (S) at least equal to the width s of the substrate (14); sputtering material from the target (11) onto the substrate surface (S) by forming a gas plasma in a vacuum chamber containing the target; and orienting the target (14) relative to the substrate so that the cathode surface (CS) of the target is inclined at a surface inclination angle a of from 60.degree. to 85.degree. to the substrate surface so that the material is sputtered obliquely onto the substrate surface to form the orienting layer.