Abstract: Herein is reported a method for the determination of the binding affinity of a binder and its ligand comprising the step of determining based on the result of an immunoassay the fraction of free binder in a sample comprising binder, ligand and binder-ligand-complexes for at least two different binder:ligand ratios in the sample, and if the determined fraction of free binder is not comparable for all used binder:ligand ratios then the binder:ligand ratio in the sample is lowered and the sample is re-analyzed by the same immunoassay, and calculating based on the fraction of free binder in the previous step the binding affinity for the binder to its ligand.

Abstract: A continuous vacuum system for processing substrates has an inlet air lock, an outlet air lock, at least one process chamber, and a device for conveying the substrates through the continuous system. To create a continuous system having a compact design and high throughput for plasma-enhanced treatment of substrates at a reduced pressure, which ensures a simple, rapid and secure handling of the substrates with a high capacity of the substrate carrier, the conveying device has at least one plasma boat in which the substrates are arranged on a base plate in a three-dimensional stack in at least one plane at a predefined distance from one another with intermediate carriers in between. At least the intermediate carriers are made of graphite or another suitable electrically conductive material and can be acted upon electrically with an alternating voltage via an electric connection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-frequency matching network comprised of a primary switching circuit (1) provided with any type of capacitor (7) and with a variable capacitor (8), and of a high-frequency air-core coil (9). The high frequency matching network is also comprised of a secondary switching circuit (2) provided with any type of capacitor (5, 17), of a high-frequency air-core coil (6) and of at least one excitation electrode (3), whereby the switching circuits (1, 2) are interconnected via the inductive flux of the high-frequency air-core coils (6, 9), and the primary circuit (1) and secondary circuit (2) are additionally coupled in a capacitive manner.

Abstract: A high frequency plasma source includes a support element, on which a magnetic field coil arrangement, a gas distribution system and a unit for extraction of a plasma beam are arranged. Additionally a high frequency matching network is arranged within the plasma source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-frequency matching network comprised of a primary switching circuit (1) provided with any type of capacitor (7) and with a variable capacitor (8), and of a high-frequency air-core coil (9). The high frequency matching network is also comprised of a secondary switching circuit (2) provided with any type of capacitor (5, 17), of a high-frequency air-core coil (6) and of at least one excitation electrode (3), whereby the switching circuits (1, 2) are interconnected via the inductive flux of the high-frequency air-core coils (6, 9), and the primary circuit (1) and secondary circuit (2) are additionally coupled in a capacitive manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high frequency plasma source, comprising a support element, on which a magnetic field coil arrangement (4), a gas distribution system (6) and a unit for extraction of a plasma beam are arranged. Additionally a high frequency matching network (2) is arranged within the plasma source.