Abstract: Bivalent antibody constructs comprising (a) a first polypeptide chain comprising a VL sequence, a CH3 sequence, a CH2 sequence, and a CH3 sequence, arranged from N- to C-terminus in a VL-CH3-CH2-CH3 orientation; (b) a second polypeptide chain comprising a VH sequence and a CH3 sequence, arranged from N- to C-terminus in a VH-CH3 orientation; (c) a third polypeptide chain comprising a VL sequence, a CL sequence, an antibody CH2 sequence, and a CH3 sequence, arranged from N- to C-terminus in a VL-CL-CH2-CH3 orientation; (d) a fourth polypeptide chain comprising a VH sequence and a CH1 sequence, arranged from N- to C-terminus in a VH-CH1 orientation; wherein the amino acid sequences of the C-terminal CH3 domains in the first and third polypeptide chains are different from one another and comprise complementary knob-in-hole mutations, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibody constructs, and methods of use thereof are provided.

Abstract: Multispecific Treg-binding molecules, constructs, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the constructs, and methods of use thereof are presented.

Abstract: Multispecific Treg-binding molecules, constructs, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the constructs, and methods of use thereof are presented.

Abstract: Trispecific trivalent antibody constructs, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the constructs, and methods of use thereof are presented.

Abstract: Binding molecules, constructs, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the constructs, and methods of use thereof are presented.

Abstract: Multivalent antibody constructs, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the constructs, and methods of use thereof are presented.

Abstract: Methods for screening libraries of polypeptides for biologically activity on cells. For example, polypeptides can be synthesized and encapsulated along with their coding sequences in microcapsules of an emulsion. Emulsion microcapsules can then be fused with microcapsules comprising test cells and biological activity on the cells is assessed to identify biologically active polypeptides and nucleic acid molecules encoding the same.

Abstract: Methods for screening libraries of polypeptides for biologically activity on cells. For example, polypeptides can be synthesized and encapsulated along with their coding sequences in microcapsules of an emulsion. Emulsion microcapsules can then be fused with microcapsules comprising test cells and biological activity on the cells is assessed to identify biologically active polypeptides and nucleic acid molecules encoding the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for optimizing oligonucleotide hybridization probes for use in basic and clinical research. Specifically, the invention involves hybridizing serially diluted genomic sample to the oligonucleotide probes on the array, such that a signal intensity is produced for each of the probes; computationally identifying optimized probes which exhibit signal intensities that correspond to the serial dilutions of genomic sample and are reproducibly strong relative to non-optimized probes.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for optimizing oligonucleotide hybridization probes for use in basic and clinical research. Specifically, the invention involves hybridizing serially diluted genomic sample to the oligonucleotide probes on the array, such that a signal intensity is produced for each of the probes; computationally identifying optimized probes which exhibit signal intensities that correspond to the serial dilutions of genomic sample and are reproducibly strong relative to non-optimized probes.

Abstract: The synthesis of arrays of DNA probes sequences, polypeptides, and the like is carried out using a patterning process on an active surface of a substrate. An image is projected onto the active surface of the substrate utilizing reflective projection optics. The projection optics project a light image onto the active surface of the substrate to deprotect linker molecules thereon. A first level of bases may then be applied to the substrate, followed by development steps, and subsequent exposure of the substrate utilizing a different light image, with further repeats until the elements of a two dimensional array on the substrate surface have an appropriate base bound thereto.

Abstract: During the light illumination period of a monomer addition cycle in synthesizing an DNA microarray, undesirable reflections of illumination light from various interfaces that the illumination light passes through near the synthesis surface of the substrate may reduce the light-dark contrast, and negatively affect the precision and resolution of the microarray synthesis. The present invention provides an flow cell that reduces the undesired reflections by constructing certain flow cell structures with materials that have similar refractive indexes as that of the solution that is in the oligomer synthesis chamber during the illumination period and/or constructing certain flow cell structures or covering the structures with a layer of a material that has a high extinction coefficient.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for optimizing oligonucleotide hybridization probes for use in basic and clinical research. Specifically, the invention involves hybridizing serially diluted genomic sample to the oligonucleotide probes on the array, such that a signal intensity is produced for each of the probes; computationally identifying optimized probes which exhibit signal intensities that correspond to the serial dilutions of genomic sample and are reproducibly strong relative to non-optimized probes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of amplifying target DNA by PCR or multiplex PCR on a microarray using array-immobilized DNA probes synthesized in a common area on the microarray by a maskless array synthesizer (MAS). The MAS constructed array-immobilized DNA probes include a universal primer linked to a sequence-specific probe, and optionally a calibrated probe for use in quantifying amplified target DNA.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for optimizing oligonucleotide hybridization probes for use in basic and clinical research. Specifically, the invention involves hybridizing serially diluted genomic sample to the oligonucleotide probes on the array, such that a signal intensity is produced for each of the probes; computationally identifying optimized probes which exhibit signal intensities that correspond to the serial dilutions of genomic sample and are reproducibly strong relative to non-optimized probes.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for synthesizing microarrays having different oligonucleotides present within one feature area of the array. The method utilizes the techniques common to microarray synthesis, but limits the duration in which selected feature areas on the array are initially dosed with light so as to only deprotect a calculated ratio of the compounds forming the array's binding layer. The compounds initially deprotected are capped with a non-photosensitive protecting group, such as di-methoxy-trityl, to inhibit their involvement in the synthesis of a first group of DNA strands built onto the array. Once the first group of DNA strands have been synthesized, the original deprotected group may then be further processed to build one or more groups of DNA strands in the same feature area as the first group of DNA strands. The present invention also includes microarrays manufactured using the method.

Abstract: The synthesis of arrays of DNA probes sequences, polypeptides, and the like is carried out using a patterning process on an active surface of a substrate. An image is projected onto the active surface of the substrate utilizing reflective projection optics. The projection optics project a light image onto the active surface of the substrate to deprotect linker molecules thereon. A first level of bases may then be applied to the substrate, followed by development steps, and subsequent exposure of the substrate utilizing a different light image, with further repeats until the elements of a two dimensional array on the substrate surface have an appropriate base bound thereto.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for reducing the complexity of preferably a genomic sample for further analysis such as direct DNA sequencing, resequencing or SNP calling. The methods use pre-selected immobilized oligonucleotide probes to capture target nucleic acid molecules from a sample containing denatured, fragmented (genomic) nucleic acids for reducing the genetic complexity of the original population of nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: A method of conditioning a tubular clay material to enable its loading with an active, the method comprising the step of exposing the tubular clay material to a chemical agent in a manner such that the agent sorbs to a surface of the clay material that is internal of the tube, the chemical agent being selected such that, when the agent is sorbed to the clay material internal surface, the affinity of the tubular clay material for the active is altered.

Abstract: Traditionally, in fault diagnosis systems, the user is instructed to investigate symptoms exhaustively until a single fault is identified. A more advanced known system recognises that it may be cost effective to address a fault that has been determined as being likely but not certain to exist; in preference to further examination of the symptoms. However this technique has been found not to work well when a symptom is known to be only sometimes associated with a fault. The invention addresses this problem by 1) deriving a first value, for each fault, of probable benefit of acting on that fault and for identifying the fault for which that value is greatest, 2) deriving a second value, for each symptom, of probable benefit of an investigation into that symptom and for identifying the symptom for which that second value is greatest, and 3) comparing the greatest first value with the greatest second value thereby determining when to switch from investigating symptoms to acting upon a fault.