Abstract: A method for preparing a polyol useful in the formation of an isocyanate casting resin or coating composition is presented involving the reaction of an essentially C18 fatty acid mixture with a monofunctional alcohol to form a fatty acid ester mixture, forming a epoxidized fatty acid ester mixture from the fatty acid ester mixture, and reacting the epoxidized mixture with an aliphatic alcohol to form a polyol. The polyol can be further reacted with an isocyanate to form a casting resin or coating composition. The fatty acid mixture contains at least 80 percent oleic acid. Polyols prepared by this method provide good color quality and improved color stability during storage when used in the production of isocyanate casting resins and coating compositions.

Abstract: Polyurethanes having improved tear resistance which are the reaction product of the following components: A) a polyol component containing dimer diol and/or trimer triol and/or an OH-terminated polyester produced from polycarboxylic acids, preferably dimer fatty acid and/or trimer fatty acid, and diols and B) an isocyanate component containing prepolymers obtained by reacting polyfunctional isocyanates with dimer diol and/or trimer triol and/or an OH-terminated polyester produced from polycarboxylic acids, preferably dimer fatty acid and/or trimer fatty acid, and diols; and processes for their manufacture.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyurethanes formed from (A) a polyol component containing dimeric diol and/or trimeric triol and/or a polyether containing dimeric diol units and/or a polyester with OH-terminal groups formed from polcarboxylic acids, preferably dimeric fatty acids or trimeric fatty acids and diols; and (B) an isocyanate component containing prepolymers obtainable from the reaction between polyfunctional isocyanates and dimeric diol and/or trimeric triol and/or a polyether containing dimeric diol units and/or a polyester with OH-terminal groups formed from polycarboxylic acids, preferably dimeric fatty acids or trimeric fatty acids and diols; at least one of the components (A) and (B) contain dimeric or trimeric fatty acid or dimeric or trimeric fatty alcohol. The proposed polyurethanes have excellent resistance to tear propagation.

Abstract: A process for making OH-terminated compounds involving: (a) combining at least one CH2OH-terminated diol and a titanium-containing catalyst to form a reaction mixture; (b) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of from 110 to 160° C. to form a heated reaction mixture; (c) continuously adding dimethyl carbonate to the heated reaction mixture; (d) continuously distilling all methanol released from the heated reaction mixture; (e) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of from 190 to 240° C. to form an OH-terminated product; (f) removing unreleased methanol and dimethyl carbonate from the reaction mixture under a pressure of less than 100 mbar; and (g) deactivating the titanium-containing catalyst by adding from 0.8 to 2 equivalents, based on the catalyst, of a 1 to 20% by weight aqueous solution of phosphoric acid to the reaction mixture, at a temperature of from 80 to 120° C.

Abstract: Polyols which can be obtained by making epoxidized fatty acid esters of monofunctional C 1-8 alcohols react with aliphatic alcohols having a functionality ranging from 2-10. Fatty acid mixtures with mainly 18 carbon atoms represent the fatty acid component in the epoxidized fatty acid esters. The oleic acid content of the fatty acid mixtures is at least 80 wt %. The polyols are suitable for use in the production of isocyanate casting resins and coating compounds with enhanced colour stability.

Abstract: A process for producing coating compositions involving: (a) providing a reactive diluent, (b) providing an inert solvent, (c) providing a polymeric polyol, (d) providing an isocyanate, (e) reacting (a)-(d) in a reactive diluent comprising a ring opening product of a carboxylic acid ester epoxide with a dihycric or higher alcohol.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyurethane resin having an extended gel time by reacting a polyol component with a polyisocyanate in an NCO:OH ratio of from 10:1 to 1:10 wherein the polyol component contains from 0.1% to 100% by weight of a randomized castor oil prepared by heating castor oil for between about 0.1 and 15 hours at a temperature of between about 100.degree. C. and 280.degree. C. in the presence of a basic lithium salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of dimerdiols and/or trimertriols along with other polyols in the making of polyurethane moldings.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition for the production of single-component polyurethane foams on dry or wet substrates, wherein the composition is the reaction product of a polyol with a molar excess of difunctional or polyfunctional isocyanates and wherein 10% to 80% by weight of the polyol has been replaced by a nonionic surfactant containing at least one hydroxyl group.

Abstract: The use of esters--liquid at room temperature--of C.sub.6-22 fatty acids with monohydric alcohols and/or of C.sub.6-22 fatty alcohols with monocarboxylic acids as solvents for isocyanates and/or isocyanurates is provided. Because the ester reduces the viscosity of the isocyanates and/or isocyanurates, the mixture will be easy to pump and mix with other components prior to curing. Also provided is a process for reducing the viscosity of isocyanates and isocyanurates comprising adding to said isocyanate or isocyanurate one or more esters selected from the group consisting of C.sub.6-22 fatty acids with monohydric alcohols and C.sub.6-22 fatty alcohols with monocarboxylic acids, said esters being a liquid at room temperature.

Abstract: Aqueous polyurethane dispersions prepared in several stages by reactingA) aliphatic and/or aromatic di- and/or tri-isocyanates withB1) polyol mixtures containing dimer diols of 25 to 100% by weight of dimer diols and 0 to 75% by weight of other hydrophobic diols and/or polyols, the equivalent ratio of OH to NCO being 1:1.1 to 1:4, and simultaneously or subsequently withB2) chain-extending agents containing two terminal NCO-reactive groups, the chain-extending agents additionally containing either artionic or cationic groups or groups convertible into anionic or cationic groups by neutralization, the equivalent ratio of NCO-reactive groups to NCO groups theoretically still present after the reaction of A) with B1) being 1:0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of plastics containing amide groups with elimination of CO.sub.2 by reaction of polyfunctional isocyanates, carboxylic acids and, optionally, alcohols in the presence of tertiary amines, more particularly heteroaromatic amines. The heteroaromatic amines preferably contain another heteroatom and/or substituents having +I and/or +M effects. The reaction preferably starts at room temperature. Fine-cell foams having an acid value of less than 40 and a density of at most 150 g/l can be produced in short reaction times at room temperature without any need for additional blowing agents.

Abstract: A polyurethane friable sealing compound free of solvent and plasticizer having a shore A hardness of below 40 and consisting essentially of a polyol component and an isocyanate component. The polyol component is selected from modified triglycerides obtained by partial ring opening of epoxidized triglycerides of a fatty acid mixture containing olefinically unsaturated fatty acids and monohydric or polyhydric alcohols. The isocyanate component is selected from polyfunctional aromatic and aliphatic isocyanates, wherein the OH:NCO equivalent ratio is from 1:0.1 to 1:1.15.

Abstract: A process for the production of epoxide ring opening products having a defined residual epoxide oxygen content by reaction of epoxides with nucleophiles in the presence of medium-strength acids is provided. The products have a defined residual epoxide oxygen content of 10 to 80% by weight based on the epoxide. In the process, aliphatic epoxidized olefins or aliphatic epoxidized esters are reacted with nucleophiles in the presence of 1 to 4 g phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, or hypophosphorous acid per mol epoxide and the ring opening product is directly obtained without neutralization of the catalyst acid.

Abstract: The invention addressed the problem of improving the adhesive strength of a dimensionally stable, soft-rubbing adhesive stick consisting of an aqueous preparation of a synthetic polymer and a soap gel as gel-forming component and, optionally, other auxiliaries. This problem was solved by the use of an at least substantially solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion as the aqueous preparation of a synthetic polymer.

Abstract: The invention is a coating composition containing an aqueous polyurethane dispersion wherein the polyurethane is prepared from a mixture of polycaprolactone diols and an isocyanate mixture having an NCO functionality of more than 1.5 wherein the ratio NCO:OH is from 0.9:1 to 2.5:1. The polyurethane also can contains functional components capable of salt formation in the aqueous solution. The coating composition is particularly useful for coating flexible substrates such as leather and flexible polymeric materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of reaction mixtures containing polyester polyols which have been obtained by ring opening of epoxidized esters with carboxylic acids, as polyol component, optionally in admixture with polybutadiene diol, in the production of solid polyurethane materials by casting.

Abstract: A friable sealing compound of a polyol component containing polyfunctional isocyanates, the polyol component being a mixture of ricinene oil and a predominantly hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene having an average molecular weight of 1,500 to 4,500 and/or a ring opening product of an epoxidized vegetable oil with unsaturated or saturated short-chain linear or branched C.sub.6-22 fatty acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a substantially clear and at least largely solventless, aqueous, one-component polyurethane dispersion based on the reaction products ofa polyol mixture consisting completely or partly of polypropylene glycol,a mixture of polyfunctional isocyanates consisting completely or partly of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.'-tetramethyl xylene diisocyanate (TMXDI),a functional component capable of salt formation in aqueous solution andoptionally a chain-extending agentas a universal household adhesive and to a process for its production in the absence of inert solvents.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of ester polyols by conducting the ring opening of epoxidized esters and/or alcohols with carboxylic acids by the controlled addition of the epoxidized compounds to the carboxylic acids wherein the carboxylic acids are present in at least stoichiometric quantities based on epoxide groups, to minimize unreacted epoxide groups and produce ester polyols having relatively low viscosities compared to those produced by the one-pot prior art process.