Abstract: A pixel having an upper substrate and a base carrier disposed opposite each other; a dielectric fluid with dispersed electrophoretic particles filled in a gap between the upper substrate and the base carrier; a wall disposed on at least one of the upper substrate and the base carrier between adjacent pixels, preventing migration of the electrophoretic particles between the adjacent pixels; a surrounding electrode disposed in proximity to the wall and extending substantially parallel to an interior surface of the wall; and a facilitating structure positioned along an inner surface of the surrounding electrode, and having a curved inner surface, wherein the facilitating structure is electrically floating relative to the surrounding electrode. The pixels may be used with particles that are colored, black white, and/or reflective. The pixels may incorporate color filters therein.