Abstract: Polyalk-1-enes are prepared by polymerization of alk-1-enes with the aid of the compound bis(cyclopentadienyl)-chromium(II) in which the cyclopentadienyl rings may carry inert organic radicals, said compound being adsorbed on an inorganic oxide carrier, by a process in which the polymerization is carried out in the presence of an organometallic compound of a metal of main groups I to III or of a metal hydride, in particular of n-butyl-lithium.

Abstract: Polymers of ethylene are obtainable by polymerization of ethylene and, if desired, further comonomers in the presence of a catalyst system comprising as active constituents I) a Phillips catalyst, II) a solid which is different from I) and comprises a component which is derived from the metallocene complexes of the formula (A) in which the substituents and indices have the following meanings:  R1 to R10 are hydrogen, C1-C10-alkyl, 5-to 7-membered cycloalkyl which may in turn bear C1-C6-alkyl groups as substituents, C6-C15-aryl or aryalkyl, where two adjacent radicals may also together form a cyclic group having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms, or Si(R11)3, where R11 is C1-C10-alkyl, C6-C15-aryl or C3-C10-cycloalkyl, or the radicals R4 and R9 together form a group —[Y(R12R13)]m—, where Y is silicon, germanium, tin or carbon, and R12, R13 are hydrogen C1-C10-alky, C3-C10-cycloalyl or C6-C15-aryl, M is a metal of transition groups IV to VIII or a metal of the lanthanide

Abstract: Homopolymers of ethylene or copolymers of ethylene with other olefins or mixtures thereof are prepared by suspension polymerization in the presence of catalyst systems by a process in which the catalyst systems used are those which contain, as active components,A) a finely divided carrier treated with trialkylaluminum,B) a metallocene complex,C) an open-chain or cyclic alumoxane compound andD) an alkali metal alkyl or alkaline earth metal alkyl or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a supported catalyst for the polymerization of .alpha.-olefins, in which(1) a silicon dioxide-containing support gel is prepared by(1.1) introducing a sodium water glass or potassium water glass solution into a swirling stream of an aqueous mineral acid longitudinally and tangentially to the stream, spraying the resultant silica hydrosol in drop form into a gaseous medium and allowing it to solidify to form a hydrogel, and freeing the resultant hydrogel from salts by washing without prior ageing,(1.2) drying the hydrogel resulting from (1.1) to form the support gel,(2) the support gel (1) is charged with chromium trioxide or a chromium compound which can be converted into chromium trioxide under the conditions of process step (3), giving a chromium-containing support gel, and(3) the chromium-containing support gel (2) is heated at from 400.degree. to 1100.degree. C.

Abstract: A novel Phillips catalyst for the copolymerization of ethylene with .alpha.-olefins, contains, as a catalytically active component, a finely divided, aluminum silicate-supported, phosphorus-containing chromium catalyst. This can be prepared by applying at least one organic phosphorus(III), (IV) and/or (V) compound and at least one chromium(III) compound which does not react with said phosphorus compounds under the reaction conditions used, in succcession in any order or simultaneously, to a finely divided aluminum silicate hydrogel or xerogel with formation of a catalyst intermediate and activating the catalyst intermediate at elevated temperatures in an oxidizing atmosphere, with the result that the chromium catalyst is formed. The novel Phillips catalyst gives ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymers in which the comonomers are more uniformly distributed over the copolymer chains than is the case with ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymers which have been prepared with the aid of conventional Phillips catalysts.

Abstract: A novel Phillips catalyst for the copolymerization of ethylene with .alpha.-olefins, contains, as a catalytically active component, a finely divided, aluminum silicate-supported, phosphorus-containing chromium catalyst. This can be prepared by applying at least one organic phosphorus(III), (IV) and/or (V) compound and at least one chromium(III) compound which does not react with said phosphorus compounds under the reaction conditions used, in succcession in any order or simultaneously, to a finely divided aluminum silicate hydrogel or xerogel with formation of a catalyst intermediate and activating the catalyst intermediate at elevated temperatures in an oxidizing atmosphere, with the result that the chromium catalyst is formed. The novel Phillips catalyst gives ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymers in which the comonomers are more uniformly distributed over the copolymer chains than is the case with ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymers which have been prepared with the aid of conventional Phillips catalysts.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a supported catalyst for the polymerization of .alpha.-olefins, in which(1) a silicon dioxide-containing support gel is prepared by(1.1) introducing a sodium water glass or potassium water glass solution into a swirling stream of an aqueous mineral acid longitudinally and tangentially to the stream, spraying the resultant silica hydrosol in drop form into a gaseous medium and allowing it to solidify to form a hydrogel, and freeing the resultant hydrogel from salts by washing without prior ageing,(1.2) drying the hydrogel resulting from (1.1) to form the support gel,(2) the support gel (1) is charged with chromium trioxide or a chromium compound which can be converted into chromium trioxide under the conditions of process step (3), giving a chromium-containing support gel, and(3) the chromium-containing support gel (2) is heated at from 400.degree. to 1100.degree. C.

Abstract: Homopolymers of ethylene or copolymers of ethylene with minor amounts of other C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -alk-1-enes are prepared by catalytic polymerization in a suspension or in the gas phase in the presence of an antistatic agent at from 50 to 120.degree. C. and from 5 to 50 bar by a process in which the antistatic agent used is a mixture of the following substances:a) a metal salt of medialanic acid of the formula (I) ##STR1## b) a metal salt of an anthranilic acid of the general formula (II) ##STR2## where the organic radical R.sup.1 is either.alpha.)--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.x --CH.sub.3 (II.alpha.)or.beta.)--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.y --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.z --CH.sub.3(III.beta.)and x, y and z are each an integer and are from 6 to 18 for x, from 1 to 16 for y, from 1 to 16 for z and from 4 to 17 for y+z, andc) a polyamine obtainable by reacting epichlorohydrin and an aliphatic primary monoamine or an N-alkylalkylenediamine of the general formula (IV)R.sup.2 NH--R.sup.3 --NH.sub.2 (IV),whereR.sup.2 is C.sub.8 -C.

Abstract: A novel Phillips catalyst for the homopolymerization of ethylene and the copolymerization of ethylene with .alpha.-olefins contains, as a catalytically active component, a chromium catalyst supported on a finely divided aluminum silicate gel, modified with a fluoride and activated in an oxidizing atmosphere at elevated temperatures. The finely divided aluminum silicate gel (carrier gel) used here has an alumina content of from 0.5 to 6% by weight, the alumina being concentrated in the surface region of the carrier gel particles. The novel Phillips catalyst has high productivity and gives high molecular weight ethylene homopolymers and copolymers which have excellent low temperature impact strength and do not tend to swell in the blow molding process on emergence from the extruder die.

Abstract: A novel Phillips catalyst for the homopolymerization of ethylene and the copolymerization of ethylene with .alpha.-olefins contains as catalytically active components a specific chromium catalyst on an aluminum phosphate support and cocatalysts of the formula I to IV, ##STR1## where M is lithium, sodium and potassium,M.sup.1 is magnesium and zinc,M.sup.2 is boron and aluminum,R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl and C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 -aryl,R.sup.1 is R and C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkoxy and C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 -aryloxy,X is chlorine, bromine and iodine,n is 0, 1 and 2The chromium catalyst on an aluminum phosphate support can be obtained by applying chromium compounds to a finely divided aluminum phosphate with a P:A1 molar ratio near to or equal to 1 and a pore volume of >1 cm.sup.3 /g and activating the resulting intermediate at elevated temperatures in an oxidizing atmosphere. The novel Phillips catalyst has an exceptionally long duration of activity and its productivity can be increased further by adding hydrogen.

Abstract: Homopolymerization and copolymerization of ethene is carried out using a Ziegler catalyst system consisting of (1) a transition metal catalyst component, (2) an organoaluminum catalyst component and (3) an organohalogen catalyst component. The component (1) used is the solid-phase product (VI) which has been obtained by a method in which (1.1) first (1.1.1) an inorganic oxidic substance (I) as a carrier and (1.1.2) a solution (II) of (IIa) a certain oxahydrocarbon and (IIb) a mixture of (IIb1) a vanadium trichloride/alcohol complex and (IIb2) a titanium trihalide or titanium trihalide/alcohol complex and (IIc) a silicon or boron compound are combined with formation of a suspension (III) and the latter is evaporated to form a solid-phase intermediate (IV) and (1.2) then (1.2.1) the intermediate (IV) obtained in (1.1) and (1.2.

Abstract: A transition-metal catalyst component for a Ziegler catalyst system, obtainable by1) mixing an inorganic, oxidic carrier with a transition-metal starting component in an organic solvent,2) removing the solvent by evaporation,3) mixing the solid-phase intermediate from step (2) with3.1) an organoaluminum catalyst component of the formula AlR.sub.m X.sub.3-m, whereR is a C.sub.1 - to C.sub.18 -hydrocarbon radical,m is from 1 to 3, andX is OR, chlorine, bromine or hydrogen, and3.2) an organic carboxylate or an organosilicon compound or a mixture thereof in an organic solvent, and4) if desired, isolating the solid-phase intermediate by filtration, washing and drying,and the use thereof for the homopolymerization or copolymerization of ethene are described.

Abstract: A transition-metal catalyst component for a Ziegler catalyst system, obtainable by1) mixing, in a solvent, an inorganic, oxidic carrier with1.1) a vanadium trihalide alcohol complex of the formula VY.sub.3.nZ--OH, whereY is chlorine or bromine,n is from 1 to 6, andZ is a monovalent, saturated, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having not more than 10 carbon atoms, and1.2) a titanium halide or a titanium trihalide/aluminum trihalide complex, where the halogen can be chlorine and/or bromine, or a titanium trihalide complex of the formula TiY.sub.3.nZ--OH or mixtures thereof, whereY is chlorine or bromine,n is from 1 to 6, andZ is a monovalent, saturated, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having not more than 10 carbon atoms, and1.3) a compound of the formula BX.sub.n Y.sub.m R.sub.p or SiX.sub.n Y.sub.m R.sub.q or mixtures thereof, whereX is OR,Y is chlorine, bromine or hydrogen, andR is a C.sub.1 - to C.sub.

Abstract: A transition-metal catalyst component for a Ziegler catalyst system, obtainable by1) mixing, in a solvent, an inorganic, oxidic carrier with1.1) a vanadium trihalide/alcohol complex of the formula VY.sub.3 nZ-OH, whereY is chlorine or bromine,N is from 1 to 6, andZ is a monovalent, saturated, aliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having not more than 10 carbon atoms, and1.2) a titanium trihalide or a titanium trihalide/aluminum trihalide complex, where the halogen can be chlorine and/or bromine, or a titanium trihalide complex of the formula TiY.sub.3. nZ-OH or a mixture thereof, whereY is chlorine or bromine,n is from 1 to 6, andZ is a monovalent, saturated, aliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having not more than 10 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof, and1.3) a zirconium tetrahalide, where the halogen can be chlorine and/or bromine,2) removing the solvent by evaporation,3) mixing the solid-phase intermediate from step (2) with3.1) an organoaluminum catalyst component of the formula AlR.sub.

Abstract: The homopolymerization and copolymerization of ethene are carried out using a Ziegler catalyst system consisting of(1) a transition metal catalyst component,(2) an organoaluminum catalyst component and(3) an organohalogen catalyst component.In the homopolymerization or copolymerization, the solid-phase product (VI) used as (1) is the product which has been obtained by a method in which (1.1) first (1.1.1) an inorganic oxidic substance (I) as the carrier and (1.1.2) a solution (II) of (IIa) a certain oxahydrocarbon and (IIb) a vanadium trichloride/alcohol complex and (IIc) a silicon or boron compound are combined with formation of a suspension (III), the latter is evaporated down to form a solid-phase intermediate (IV), and (1.2) then (1.2.1) the intermediate (IV) obtained in (1.1) and (1.2.2) a dissolved organoaluminum compound (V) are combined with the formation of a suspension, the solid-phase product (VI) obtained as the suspended substance being the transition metal catalyst component (1).

Abstract: High density ethylene polymers are prepared by polymerizing the monomers in the presence of a Ziegler catalyst system by a process in which the resulting solid ethylene polymer is reacted in the melt with an additive capable of binding acids by esterification. The ester-forming additives are preferably epoxide compounds.

Abstract: Homopolymerization and copolymerization of ethene are carried out using a Ziegler catalyst system consisting of (1) a transition metal catalyst component prepared by a method in which (1.1) first (1.1.1) an inorganic oxide substance (I) as a carrier and (1.1.2) a solution (II) of (IIa) a certain oxahydrocarbon and (IIb) a mixture of (IIb1) a vanadium trichloride/alcohol complex, (IIb2) a titanium trihalide or titanium trihalide/alcohol complex and, if desired, (IIb3) a zirconium tetrahalide, are combined with formation of a suspension (III), the latter is evaporated down to form a solid-phase intermediate (IV), (1.2) then (1.2.1) the solid-phase intermediate (IV) obtained from (1.1), and (1.2.2) a dissolved organoaluminum compound (V), are combined with formation of a suspension, the resulting suspended substance being a solid-phase product (VI), (2) an organoaluminum catalyst component and (3) an organohalogen catalyst component.