Abstract: A measuring element for measuring dynamic pressure, temperature and/or static pressure includes a body made of a piezoelectric material and having opposing side surfaces carrying electrodes. The piezoelectric material of the body is selected in such a manner that a thrust coefficient of the piezoelectric e-tensor is not equal to zero, with the result that the inverse piezoelectric effect can be used, and a transverse coefficient of the piezoelectric d-tensor is not equal to zero and/or a longitudinal coefficient of the piezoelectric d-tensor is not equal to zero, with the result that the transverse piezoelectric effect can be used in the transverse direction and/or the longitudinal piezoelectric effect can be used in the longitudinal direction in a simultaneous manner with the inverse piezoelectric effect.

Abstract: An abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith in a separate sheet.

Abstract: Method for displaying context-relevant supplementary information in conjunction with an internet page. The prior art discloses methods for displaying context-relevant supplementary information within the framework of browser-assisted methods. Starting from this prior art, the invention is based on the object of providing a browser-independent, i.e. operating-system-protected, method in order thereby to allow the display of independent consumer information. To this end, a piece of advisory software is installed at the operating system level, the advisory software implementing a proxy server on the user computer, which evaluates related internet contents, or the related internet contents are evaluated at network level, for example by evaluating the related network packets in respect of the URL, and this is taken as a basis for deciding whether it makes sense and is possible to display supplementary information in this regard.

Abstract: Provided is a shaped body for production of sports equipment such as tennis, squash, and badminton rackets, golf clubs, hockey and ice hockey sticks and baseball bats. The shaped body includes a core of two tubular resonant bodies, running parallel to and spaced at a distance from each other and surrounded by a common covering. A spacer body with convexly curved opposed ends is arranged between the resonant bodies, whereby the mass of the resonant bodies is greater than that of the spacer body. The vibrations of the two vibrating systems, in the form of the resonance bodies, are overlaid in an advantageous manner, by means of the coupling of the resonance bodies. The invention further relates to a method for the production of the shaped body and the use of the shaped body in sports equipment.

Abstract: Provided is a shaped body for production of sports equipment such as tennis, squash, and badminton rackets, golf clubs, hockey and ice hockey sticks and baseball bats. The shaped body includes a core of two tubular resonant bodies, running parallel to and spaced at a distance from each other and surrounded by a common covering. A spacer body with convexly curved opposed ends is arranged between the resonant bodies, whereby the mass of the resonant bodies is greater than that of the spacer body. The vibrations of the two vibrating systems, in the form of the resonance bodies, are overlaid in an advantageous manner, by means of the coupling of the resonance bodies. The invention further relates to a method for the production of the shaped body and the use of the shaped body in sports equipment.

Abstract: A piezoelectric measuring element (9) consists of at least two piezoelectric crystals (1) showing a transversal effect for the measurement of axially acting forces and/or pressures as well as to a pressure or force sensor comprising said element. The crystals (1) with transversal effect having an opposite polarization (4) to each other are attached to each other by means of a lateral electrode (12). In this manner, if n crystals (1) are attached to each other, a single multi-layer measuring element (9) is obtained with a stability under load which is n-times that of an individual crystal. Preferably, the electrodes extend alternately into the two force-absorbing end faces (3) of the crystals. Such measuring elements can be fabricated from wafers (15) in a cost-effective manner. A compact multi-layer measuring element prepared in this way can be easily mounted in a sensor, particularly a force or pressure sensor, without the risk of inclination.

Abstract: A piezoelectric measuring element (9) consists of at least two piezoelectric crystals (1) showing a transversal effect for the measurement of axially acting forces and/or pressures as well as to a pressure or force sensor comprising said element. The crystals (1) with transversal effect having an opposite polarization (4) to each other are attached to each other by means of a lateral electrode (12). In this manner, if n crystals (1) are attached to each other, a single multi-layer measuring element (9) is obtained with a stability under load which is n-times that of an individual crystal. Preferably, the electrodes extend alternately into the two force-absorbing end faces (3) of the crystals. Such measuring elements can be fabricated from wafers (15) in a cost-effective manner. A compact multi-layer measuring element prepared in this way can be easily mounted in a sensor, particularly a force or pressure sensor, without the risk of inclination.

Abstract: A reversed kinetic system for a shoe sole includes a fluid chamber containing fluid and a fluid expansion chamber in fluid communication with the fluid chamber, wherein the fluid chamber and fluid expansion chamber are separated by an elastic spring including at least one valve providing fluid communication. Each valve preferably comprises an inlet bore through the elastic spring and a yieldable diaphragm having a valve bore, whereby foot pressure on the fluid chamber causes fluid to dissipate through the valve bore into the fluid expansion chamber, wherein the dissipation of fluid through the valve bore causes friction and absorbs energy. Removing the foot pressure creates a negative pressure gradient in the fluid expansion chamber causing the yieldable diaphragm to release and allowing fluid to flow back into the fluid chamber through the inlet bore.

Abstract: A piezoelectric crystal with transversal effect comprising: at least one plate; and, at least one base at an angle to the at least on plate, the at least one base projecting laterally beyond a thickness of the least one plate on at least one side of the at least one plate. A piezoelectric sensor, for detecting one or more of force, pressure, acceleration, moments and strain signals, comprising at least one of the piezoelectric crystals with transversal effects. A method for producing the piezoelectric crystals with transversal effect is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shaped body (2), for production of sports equipment, in particular tennis, squash, and badminton rackets, golf clubs, hockey and ice hockey sticks and baseball bats, comprising two tubular resonant bodies (4, 6), running parallel to and at a separation from each other, surrounded by a common shell (12) and a spacer body (8), which is arranged between the resonance bodies (4, 6), in such a way that the resonance bodies (4, 6) are coupled, whereby the mass relationship between each resonance body (4, 6) and the spacer body (8) is greater than 1. The vibrations of the two vibrating systems, in the form of the resonance bodies (4, 6), are overlaid in a advantageous manner, by means of the coupling of the resonance bodies (4, 6). The invention further relates to a method for the production of the shaped body (2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a piezoelectric crystal with transversal effect which may be fitted into a sensor without centering effort or the use of other means, yet assuring a centered and aligned position. For this the crystal according to the invention has a base with at least individual circular segments, which can be fitted into a drill provided for it in a holding device of the sensor. Moreover the crystal production can be automated for mass production, thereby lowering its costs.

Abstract: The detector arrangement comprises a measuring rail with a number of individual elements each having a sensor mounted on a bottom rail and include rectangular elements as force introduction flanges, whose length in the direction of travel is a multiple of their width in the axial direction of the rail. The measuring rail is part of a measuring arrangement for detecting the tire pressures of vehicles in motion. The arrangement includes also at least one contact rail placed ahead of the measuring rail in the direction of travel, and a data acquisition facility. The vehicle speed is determined with the help of the contact rail. The measured values from the sensors yield a tire contact surface with an isobar pattern. From these two, the data acquisition can determine underinflation, normal pressure and overinflation of the individual wheels besides axle loads and vehicle weights, whereby underinflation and overinflation at least are displayed as faults.

Abstract: Sports equipment for ball games comprising a stroke portion and a shaft portion including a grip, in particular a tennis racket or a golf club, wherein mass particles are integrated into the equipment structure which are freely displaceable or freely movable thereto and which are provided in one or a plurality of chambers the volume of each of said chambers being small relative to the interior volume of the stroke and/or the shaft portion. The stroke characteristics of the sports equipment can be varied depending from the distribution of the chambers within the structure and/or from the amount of the mass particles used. Stroke shocks are attenuated with the result that occurrence of "tennis elbow" is diminished. Indicated is also a method for the manufacture of a tennis racket having high shock absorption and good oscillation attenuation properties and being manufactured in fiber-plastics-structure techniques.

Abstract: Sports equipment for ball games comprising a stroke portion and a shaft portion including a grip, in particular a tennis racket or a golf club, wherein mass particles are integrated into the equipment structure which are freely displaceable or freely movable thereto and which are provided in one or a plurality of chamber(s) the volume of each of said chambers being small relative to the interior volume of the stroke and/or the shaft portion. The stroke characteristics of the sports equipment can be variied depending from the distribution of the chambers within the structure and/or from the amount of the mass particles used. Stroke shocks are attenuated with the result that occurrence of "tennis elbow" is diminished.

Abstract: A device for and method of measuring the flow velocity of a free fluid flow in three dimensions is provided in which a rotationally symmetrical flow body has at least two sets of peripherally spaced openings in regions of different thickness along the side of the body, with one of the sets preferably at or near the thickest region. Each set of openings communicates with a separate internal chamber in which the static pressure of the fluid from its openings is measured. In accord with the method of the invention, the differences in the static pressure thus obtained from the fluid flow past the positions of different thickness along the side of the flow body is used to determine the velocity of the flow.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and probe for measuring the direction and force of gaseous of liquid flows in which two dynamic pressures are measured which are built up in two measuring chambers under the influence of the flow at a certain free-stream angle or a plurality of dynamic pressures are measured which build up in a plurality of measuring chambers under the influence of the flow at a certain free-stream angle, and wherein from the difference or the quotient of measured dynamic pressures or from absolutely or vectorially added measured values, the direction and/or the force of the flow is determined through mathematic processing. The measuring chamber openings are rectangular-shaped or slot-shaped, the center lines of a pair of measuring openings are positioned in a plane, and the arrangement of the measuring chamber openings relative to each other is fixed. The probe can also be used to measure the force of the flow.

Abstract: Method for measuring the direction and force of gaseous or liquid flows in which two dynamic pressures are measured which are built up in two measuring chambers under the influence of the flow at a certain free-stream angle or a plurality of dynamic pressures are measured which build up in a plurality of measuring chambers under the influence of the flow at a certain free-stream angle, and wherein from the difference or the quotient of measured dynamic pressures or from absolutely or vectorially added measured values the direction and/or the force of the flow is determined through mathematic processing. The measuring chamber openings are rectangular-shaped or slot-shaped, the center lines of a pair of measuring chamber openings are positioned in a plane, and the arrangement of the measuring chamber openings relative to each other is fixed. Furthermore a probe for carrying out this method is disclosed.