Abstract: An integrated circuit device comprising at least one self-test component arranged to execute self-testing within at least one self-test structure during a self-test execution phase of the IC device, and at least one clock control component arranged to provide at least one clock signal to the at least one self-test component at least during the self-test execution phase of the IC device. The at least one clock control component is further arranged to receive at least one indication of at least one power dissipation parameter for at least a part of the IC device, and modulate the at least one clock signal provided to the at least one self-test component based at least partly on the received at least one power dissipation parameter for at least a part of the IC device.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device comprising at least one self-test component arranged to execute self-testing within at least one self-test structure during a self-test execution phase of the IC device, and at least one clock control component arranged to provide at least one clock signal to the at least one self-test component at least during the self-test execution phase of the IC device. The at least one clock control component is further arranged to receive at least one indication of at least one power dissipation parameter for at least a part of the IC device, and modulate the at least one clock signal provided to the at least one self-test component based at least partly on the received at least one power dissipation parameter for at least a part of the IC device.

Abstract: A sensor element is used to detect a physical property of a measuring gas, preferably to determine the oxygen content or the temperature of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element contains a first solid electrolyte layer and a second solid electrolyte layer. A first printed conductor and a second printed conductor are provided on opposite sides of the first solid electrolyte layer, the first printed conductor including a first electrode and a feed line to the first electrode, and the second printed conductor including a second electrode and a feed line to the second electrode. A third printed conductor, which includes a third electrode and a feed line to the third electrode, is provided on the second solid electrolyte layer. The second printed conductor is positioned between the third electrode and the first printed conductor.

Abstract: In an apparatus that ascertains a concentration of a component in a gas mixture, the apparatus includes: a gas measurement chamber, in which the concentration of the component is adjustable against an influence of an interface, acting across a diffusion barrier, with the concentration in the gas mixture, whereby the influence of the interface is compensated for by a controllable current of ions of the component by way of a solid electrolyte, which is charged with a controllable pumping voltage, serves as a pumping mechanism, and is located between the gas measurement chamber and the gas mixture, so that a parameter that characterizes a current constitutes a measurement for the concentration in the gas mixture, whereby the solid electrolyte is at least periodically charged with a specified constant pumping voltage as a function of at least one state parameter of the gas mixture.

Abstract: A sensor device for detecting oxygen concentration at different points of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine is described, including a first exhaust gas sensor which is situated upstream from a catalytic converter volume and which provides a first signal for a rapid fuel/air ratio control loop of the internal combustion engine and a second exhaust gas sensor which is situated downstream from the catalytic converter volume and which provides a second signal.

Abstract: A sensor element is used to detect a physical property of a measuring gas, preferably to determine the oxygen content or the temperature of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element contains a first solid electrolyte layer and a second solid electrolyte layer. A first printed conductor and a second printed conductor are provided on opposite sides of the first solid electrolyte layer, the first printed conductor including a first electrode and a feed line to the first electrode, and the second printed conductor including a second electrode and a feed line to the second electrode. A third printed conductor, which includes a third electrode and a feed line to the third electrode, is provided on the second solid electrolyte layer. The second printed conductor is positioned between the third electrode and the first printed conductor.

Abstract: A method for selective rich/lean control of a combustion mixture using an electrochemical gas sensor. The method makes possible the operation of an NOx adsorption catalyst, which stores excess NOx present in the exhaust gas in a storage phase, the exhaustion of the storage capacity of the catalyst being expressed as an increase in the NOx concentration in the exhaust-gas stream after the catalytic converter, and which converts the stored NOx in a subsequent regeneration phase using a rich exhaust-gas mixture, the end of this reaction being able to be seen in a reduction in the lambda value of the exhaust-gas stream after the catalytic converter. The electrochemical gas sensor underlying the method for operating the NOx adsorption catalyst is operated such that the NOx and the oxygen concentrations in the exhaust-gas stream can be alternately determined using one and the same gas sensor.

Abstract: A device and a method for detecting ammonia, especially for detecting an NH3 slip emission in a catalytic converter arrangement, a gas, especially an exhaust gas of a lean-mixture-driven internal combustion engine, being supplied to an SCR catalytic converter via a first gas supply device, and ammonia being supplied via a second gas supply device. The device includes a first arrangement, especially an oxidation catalytic converter, which prior to the supplying of the gas to the SCR catalytic converter, initially at least substantially oxidizes the oxidizable gas components contained in the gas. Emerging gas from the SCR catalytic converter is analyzed by a second arrangement, especially a gas sensor, with respect to the oxidizable components contained in it. The gas sensor may detect oxidizable gas components, including in a non-selective manner, and is connected via a processing unit and a control unit to a dosing system, which regulates the supply of ammonia.

Abstract: The invention describes a sensor element for determining the concentration of gas components in gas mixtures, in particular in exhaust gases of combustion engines, comprising at least one measured gas space (13) and at least one gas inlet opening (17) through which the gas mixture is conveyable to the measured gas space (13), and at least one diffusion barrier (12) arranged between the gas inlet opening (17) and measured gas space (13). The diffusion barrier (12) has at least one region (14, 14a, 16) that contains a catalytically active material for establishing equilibrium in the gas mixture, and is divided into a coarse-pore and a fine-pore portion.

Abstract: The invention describes a sensor element for determining the concentration of gas components in gas mixtures, in particular in exhaust gases of combustion engines. It includes at least one measured gas space (13) and at least one gas inlet opening (17) through which the gas mixture is conveyable to the measured gas space (13), and at least one diffusion barrier (12) arranged between the gas inlet opening (17) and measured gas space (13). The diffusion barrier (12) includes at least one layer (14, 14a, 14b) of catalytically active material for establishing equilibrium in the gas mixture.

Abstract: To determine the oxidizable portion of exhaust gases in the presence of the reducible portion with the legally required precision, a method and a sensor are disclosed for analyzing a flow of exhaust gas components. The sensor includes a limit current measurer, one limit current pump for reducible gases and, downstream from this pump in the direction of diffusion, another limit pump for oxidizable gases. The electrodes of the limit current pump for reducible gases are made of a material that does not catalyze the reaction between oxidizable and reducible gases.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor and a method for determining the concentration of gaseous components in a gas mixture, particularly of NOx in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The gas sensor includes a first measuring-gas compartment which is in communication with the measuring gas, and two additional measuring-gas compartments which are connected to the first measuring-gas compartment via diffusion barriers. The first measuring-gas compartment contains a first pump cell which, with the aid of pump electrodes arranged on a solid electrolyte, transports oxygen into and out of the measuring-gas compartment. The second and third measuring-gas compartments contain further pump cells, the second measuring-gas compartment being used for measuring the oxygen concentration of the mixture, and the third measuring-gas compartment being used for measuring the sum of the oxygen concentration and the concentration of the gaseous component in the gas mixture.

Abstract: To determine the oxidizable portion of exhaust gases in the presence of the reducible portion with the legally required precision, a method and a sensor are disclosed for analyzing a flow of exhaust gas components. The sensor includes a limit current measurer, one limit current pump for reducible gases and, downstream from this pump in the direction of diffusion, another limit pump for oxidizable gases. The electrodes of the limit current pump for reducible gases are made of a material that does not catalyze the reaction between oxidizable and reducible gases.

Abstract: In order to provide a method and arrangement for analytical determination of the relative amounts of exhaust gas components, except for water, but including hydrogen in the rich range or oxygen in the lean range, and for determining a &lgr; value, in which the exhaust gas sample can be taken at any arbitrary location, an arrangement is provided in which at least one portion of the exhaust gas is passed through a catalytic reactor (2, 22), a condenser (3,23) connected to the catalytic reactor to receive the gas passed through it, and, after passing through the condenser, the gas passes through an IR spectrometer and by a &lgr;-sensor. The oxidizable and reducible components of the exhaust gas are reacted with each other in the catalytic reactor which is heated to temperatures greater than 450° C.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining concentration of at least one constituent of a gas mixture operates on an electro-chemical measuring process and includes a gas measuring chamber; a pair of electrodes and an electrode chamber located between the pair of electrodes; and a diffusion conduit adjoining the electrode chamber and having a gas input which connects with the gas measuring chamber, having a gas output which connects with the electrode chamber, and having at least one cross-sectional area including a height, w, and a length, L, which height, w, has a preselected minimum value, and which length, L, has a value which is equal to or greater than the preselected minimum value of the height, w.

Abstract: To accurately control access of measuring gas into the measuring electrode (15) of a polarographic sensor having a tubular body (12) of solid electrolyte material, the tubular body is enclosed within a protective sleeve (38) closed at one end and embodying a diffusion resistance element, or diffusion resistance zone (43/1, 43/2); if the sleeve is of metal, a separate diffusion resistance element, for example, made of aluminum oxide or spinell may be used; if the sleeve is made of ceramic, the end portion may be thickened and the diffusion resistance zone formed therein, for example, by micropores or microchannels or microducts extending therethrough.

Abstract: To extend temperature range of solid electrolyte ion conductive-type gas sensors, particularly for the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, and to prevent leakage currents between a heater element and the solid electrolyte body at temperatures just above the response temperature of the sensor, but below its normal operating temperatures, that is, even in the range of between 250.degree. C. to 400.degree. C., a layer-like shielding electrode (18,29) is provided, positioned between the solid electrolyte body (11,25) and the insulating layer (17,31). The shielding electrode is galvanically connected to the return line (21,33) of the heating element.

Abstract: To permit ease of manufacture and eliminate the necessity to apply a heater to the inside of a closed tube, a solid electrolyte, in elongated plate form is located within a housing which includes a sealing element separating the elongated plate into two portions; one portion (11/1) is exposed to the gas to be tested, the other portion (11/2) separated from the first portion (11/1) by a gas tight seal (16) positioned in the housing (12) is exposed to a reference gas, typically the oxygen in ambient air; the elongated plate extends to a terminal end portion (11/3) retained in a ceramic holder (14) for example by means of a plastic bushing (33), formed with an opening (34) to permmit access of the reference portion (11/2) to ambient air. Preferably, the electrodes (37, 38) are applied to one major surface (36) of the plate, the opposite side (40) having one or more heater elements (42, 44) applied thereto, for example by printing or vapor deposition and in alignment with the respective electrodes.